Bones of the skull

Question 1

How is the metopic suture formed?

Answer 1

2 bones fuse to form frontal bone.

Question 2

Which foramina of the skull run through the sphenoid?

Answer 2

Intraorbital foramen

Optic canal

Superior orbital fissure

Question 3

Where does the supraorbital foramen run?

Answer 3

It passes through the frontal bone and allows passage of supraorbital NAV

Question 4

Where does the infraorbital foramen run?

Answer 4

Sphenoid bone and maxilla and allows passage of infraorbital NAV

Question 5

What passes through the optic canal?

Answer 5

Optic nerve and opthalmic artery

Question 6

What passes through the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 6

CN3, 4, 6

Trigenminal branches: Lacrimal frontal nasociliary nerves

Opthalmic vein.

Question 7

What passes through the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 7

CN3, 4, 6

Trigenminal branches: Lacrimal frontal nasociliary nerves

Opthalmic vein

Question 8

What passes through the inferior orbital fissure?

Answer 8

Infraorbital nerve + infraorbital vessels + ascending branches of sphenopalatine ganglion

Question 9

What passes through foramen rotundum?

Answer 9

V2 (maxillary nerve)

Question 10

What passes through foramen ovale?

Answer 10

V3 (mandibular nerve)

Parasympathetic fibers from CN 9 via less petrosal nerve + accessory meningeal artery

Question 11

What passes through the foramen spinosum?

Answer 11

Middle meningeal artery and vein

Question 12

What passes through the petrotympanic fissure?

Answer 12

Chorda tympani + anterior tympanic artery

Question 13

What passes through the foramen lacerum?

Answer 13

Greater and deep petrosal nerve + parasympathetic fibers from CN7 via nervus intermedius

Question 14

What passes through the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 14

CN7 and 8

Question 15

What passes through the stylomastoid foramen?

Answer 15

CN7

Question 16

What passes through the jugular foramen?

Answer 16

Internal jugular vein

CN 9, 10, 11

Question 17

What passes through the mandibular formaen?

Answer 17

Inferior alveolar nerve (V3) + Artery + Vein

Question 18

What passes through the mental foramen?

Answer 18

Mental NAV

Question 19

Which foramina pass through the palatine bone?

Answer 19

Greater and lesser palatine foramen

Question 20

Which foramina pass through the frontal bone?

Answer 20

Foramen caecum

Supraorbital foramen

Question 21

Which foramina pass through the maxilla?

Answer 21

Incisive canal

Infraorbital foramen

Inferior orbital fissure

Question 22

Which foramina pass through the sphenoid?

Answer 22

Infraorbital foramen

Optic canal

Superior orbital fissure

Inferior orbital fissure

Foramen rotundum

Foramen ovale

Foramen spinosum

Foramen lacerum

Question 23

Which foramina pass through the frontal bone?

Answer 23

Foramen caecum (also passes through the ethmoid)

Supraorbital foramen

Question 24

Which foramina pass through the mandible?

Answer 24

Mandibular foramen

Mental foramen

Question 25

Which foramina pass through the sphenoid?

Answer 25

Infraorbital foramen (also passes through the maxilla) Optic canal Superior orbital fissure Inferior orbital fissure (also passes through the maxilla) Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen lacerum

Question 26

Which bones make up the orbit?

Answer 26

Zygomatic bone Maxillary bone Lacrimal bone Ethmoid bone Sphenoid bone

Question 27

What is the clinical significance of the anatomy of the ethmoid?

Answer 27

Infection passing through the ethmoid can cause infection in the brain and orbit.

Question 28

Which nerve runs through the pterygomaxillary fissure?

Answer 28

The maxillary nerve

Question 29

What is the pterygomaxillary fissure?

Answer 29

The pterygomaxillary fissure is a fissure of the human skull. It is vertical, and descends at right angles from the medial end of the inferior orbital fissure. It is a triangular interval, formed by the divergence of the maxilla from the pterygoid process of the sphenoid.

Question 30

How is the mandible connected to the rest of the skull?

Answer 30

Mandible is connected to rest of the skull only by soft tissue

Question 31

What is the mylohyoid ridge?

Answer 31

The mylohyoid ridge is the ridge for mylohyoid muscle to connect. It is located on the ramus of the mandible.

Question 32

What is teh external oblique ridge?

Answer 32

External oblique ridge is a landmark that ends towards the mandibular foramen. It is located on the buccal side of the mandible.

Question 33

Where on the mandible are the lingual foramen and digastric fossa?

Answer 33

Both are located on lingual side of the mandible anteriorly. Lingual foramen with genial tubercle is located centrally Digastric fossa is located on both sides of the lingual foramen

Question 34

Where on the mandible are the lingual foramen and digastric fossa?

Answer 34

Both are located on lingual side of the mandible anteriorly. Lingual foramen with genial tubercle is located centrally. Digastric fossa is located on both sides of the lingual foramen.

Question 35

What attaches to the mastoid process?

Answer 35

The sternocleidomastoid

Question 36

What is the purpose of the mandibular condyle?

Answer 36

Mandibular condyle fits into the glenoid fossa and this is palpable by feeling behind the ear when opening the mouth wide.

Question 37

What happens if the stylohyoid ligament is ossified?

Answer 37

Ossified stylohyoid ligament can cause fainting (Eagles syndrome) due to compression of the carotid sinus

Question 38

What is the stylohyoid ligament?

Answer 38

In connection with the stylohyoideus muscle a ligamentous band, the stylohyoid ligament, may be described. It is a fibrous cord, which is attached to the tip of the styloid process of the temporal bone and the lesser cornu (lesser horn) of the hyoid bone.

Question 39

What structures are present in the temporal bone related to hearing?

Answer 39

MISO: Malleus-Incus-Stapes-Oval window

Question 40

Where is the carotid artery/canal located relative to the occipital condyle?

Answer 40

Carotid artery/canal is lateral and anterior to the occipital condyle

Question 41

Where is the sphenomandibular ligament located?

Answer 41

It attaches the spine of the sphenoid to the lingula of the mandible

Question 42

What is attached by the stylomandibular ligament?

Answer 42

Styloid process to the angle of the mandible

Question 43

What is the shape and attachment of the occipital condyle?

Answer 43

Occipital condyle is bean shaped and attaches to the first vertebra

Question 44

What structures are located very close to the maxillary sinus?

Answer 44

The molars and the premolars