Book-Chapter 8 ISTM

Question 1

Computer Network

Answer 1

defined as two or more computers connected together to communicate and share resources

Question 2

Clients

Answer 2

Consider a network made up of computers like desktops, laptops, and smartphones

Question 3

Server

Answer 3

connected to a central computer called a

Question 4

Node

Answer 4

Every device connected to a network is called a node

Question 5

5 Reasons to use a Network

Answer 5

Economics, Software, Collaboration, Back Up, Internet

Question 6

Network Interface Controller ( NIC)

Answer 6

The first of these is a Network Interface Controller (NIC) (shown below) card for each computer. The NIC is plugged into a slot on the motherboard inside of the computer and allows a network cable to be plugged in so it can interface or communicate with other computers.

Question 7

“network ready”

Answer 7

Most computers today are purchased “network ready” as they already come with an NIC

Question 8

Ethernet Card

Answer 8

The most common NIC is called an Ethernet card

Question 9

MAC (media access control) address

Answer 9

Ethernet cards provide the computer with a unique 48-bit address called a MAC (media access control) address, meaning that no two Ethernet cards have the same address; therefore, each computer on a network can be uniquely identified

Question 10

“protocol”

Answer 10

When an Ethernet card is installed, a standard language (called a “protocol”) must exist in order for the connected computers to communicate; this is the second basic component of a network

Question 11

“Physical Cable System”

Answer 11

The third component that all networks have in common is the physical cable system that connects them together.

Question 12

Network Hub

Answer 12

A network Hub is the fourth component of a computer network, and the most common hub is an Ethernet hub. The hub, as the term suggests, is a central location of the computer network that serves as a traffic cop for network connection and communication.

Question 13

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol ( TCP/IP)

Answer 13

The hub governs data travelling through network cables so that data collisions do not occur and so that the data is directed to the appropriate computer on the network’s/IP checks to see that the receiving computer accepts all of the packets that make up the spreadsheet and that the packets are in the correct order. If not, the spreadsheet will be corrupted and not usable for the receiving end user. TCP/IP guarantees the reliability of the computer file received by the network’s end user.

Question 14

Packets

Answer 14

Because of the spreadsheet’s large file size, the network breaks the file down into smaller, more manageable pieces, called “ packets.”

Question 15

User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

Answer 15

Since TCP/IP is too restrictive for video, UDP protocols are used instead. It is much faster than TCP/IP. However, UDP does not guarantee a file’s reliability.

Question 16

Network operating system (NOS
Network Operating System

Answer 16

Software that controls an entire network.

Question 17

Network Administrator

Answer 17

The person(s) responsible for smooth network operations, network performance and implementation of new nodes, or even new networks.

Question 18

Topology

Answer 18

refers to the mapping of a physical network and logical interconnections between nodes

Question 19

Node

Answer 19

A node can be defined as any device that is connected as part of a computer network, including computers, hubs, printers, and switches

Question 20

Bus Topology

Answer 20

Network topology where each of a network’s nodes is connected to a common linear backbone that has two endpoints. A disadvantage, however, is that if the backbone is down, all nodes on the backbone are down as well.

Question 21

Star Topology

Answer 21

is named for the star-shape created by nodes that radiate around a central node in a spoke-like fashion. Star topologies have similar disadvantages to the linear bus configuration; if the central hub fails, every node attached to the hub will also fail. Star topologies are the most common of all topologies.

Question 22

Ring Topology

Answer 22

A ring topology is shaped like a ring. In this kind of topology, each computer (node) is connected to two other computers in the network with the first and last computers being connected to each other. Ring topologies are the least used topology with microcomputers. In a ring topology, if the traffic cannot flow in one direction, then it can try to flow in the other direction around the ring. This makes it more robust in the sense that there is no hub through which all the traffic flows.

Question 23

Local Area Network (LAN)

Answer 23

A Local Area Network or LAN is a computer network that is relatively small, typically in a single building, but sometimes as small as a single room.

Question 24

Campus Area Network (CAN)

Answer 24

A Campus Area Network (CAN) is a computer network that connects two or more LANs that are located on a campus, like a university, or an organization’s national headquarters, or even an industrial complex

Question 25

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Answer 25

A Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN) is a computer network that connects two or more LANs or CANs together but within the boundaries of a town or city.

Question 26

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Answer 26

Wide Area Networks ( WAN) are computer networks that encompass a wide geographical area and connect LANs, CANs, and MANs together.

Question 27

Peer-To-Peer Networks (P2P)

Answer 27

Peer-to-Peer Networks ( P2P) are computer networks that generally connect computers directly to one another without the use of a server

Question 28

Internet (Network)

Answer 28

The Internet is the world’s largest network and connects thousands of other networks together including LANs, CANs, MANs, and WANs.

Question 29

Unwanted User

Answer 29

Network security starts with a solid understanding of network threats, and the primary threat is an unwanted user. Network administrators must adopt policies and procedures that define rules for network access.

Question 30

Password

Answer 30

A password is a secret word or combination of keyboard characters typed in by a user to authenticate one’s identity for joining a computer network

Question 31

Strong Password

Answer 31

Strong passwords have mixed results in their effectiveness. For instance, though a strong password might be more difficult to guess due to its complexity, a user may have a more difficult time remembering it and may be tempted to write the password down in the general vicinity of their network computer

Question 32

Passphrase

Answer 32

A Passphrase is a memorable strong password, like “Just1Time!.”

Question 33

Longevity of a Password

Answer 33

Password policies should outline the longevity of a password and require a network user to change it on a regular basis for security reasons.

Question 34

Permissions

Answer 34

Essentially, permissions restrict or grant access to specific files and folders on a computer network to a user or group of users.

Question 35

Firewall

Answer 35

A firewall can be described as specialized hardware and software that ensures that only authorized personnel can access and use an organization’s intranet.

Question 36

Intranet

Answer 36

An intranet is a like a private version of the Internet that works the same way, but it is confined within an organization. Intranets contain company policies, computer files, and a host of other business resources.

Question 37

What is a specialized wire that cancels out electromagnetic interference from other electronic devices and increases reliability?

Answer 37

Twisted Pair

Question 38

What is plugged into a slot on the motherboard inside of the computer and allows a network cable to be plugged in so it can interface or communicate with other computers?

Answer 38

NIC

Question 39

What is two or more computers connected together to communicate and share resources?

Answer 39

Computer Network