Book Material Ch. 2 Flashcards
(39 cards)
According to the oldest theory of causation what was responsible for disease causation
evil spirits
who introduced the theory of contagion
Hippocrates
what is the theory of multiple causation
explains disease causation in both infectious and noninfectious diseases
Endemic
constant presence of a disease in a population (heart disease)
Epidemic
outbreak of a specific disease in excess of what would be normally expected
Pandemic
an epidemic widespread over a country, continent, or worldwide
Prevalence rate
number of cases of a particular disease in a given community at a specific time
Incidence rate
number of NEW cases occurring at a specific time
What are the 3 levels of prevention
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary
Primary Prevention
refers to measures taken before the disease occurs to reduce susceptibility
Secondary Prevention
measures taken to diagnose disease which are already present
Tertiary Prevention
all measures to return a person to a normal state of health or to keep a person alive
Whether a person gets a disease depends on 3 factors…
the disease agent, the host, and the environment
Viruses
smallest of disease-causing organisms
Prions
infectious agents made of proteins which cause neurodegenerative diseases
Bacteria
single-celled organisms which are abundant in our environment
Rickettsiae
small bacteria which are always transported by insects
Fungi
plantlike organisms which are constantly present in the air
Protozoa
microscopic parasitic animals which release toxins or enzymes which destroy cells or interfere with their functions
Metazoa
multicellular parasitic animals (worms) that can infest any compartment in the body and travel across various tissue barriers from organ to organ
Psychosomatic
disease or disorder influenced or caused by a person’s mind
Categories of environmental factors of disease…
biological, physical, and social
NTD
neglected tropical disease
Reservoir
where a disease NORMALLY LIVES or is found in significant numbers
