Booklet 1 Conquest and Control

Question 1

What did most people do in anglo Saxon England?

Answer 1

Peasant farmers

Question 2

What did they produce?

Answer 2

Sheep (wool), wheat, barley, oats.

Question 3

Who became the King of England in 1042?

Answer 3

Edward the Confessor?

Question 4

What was the name of the 4 English Earldoms?

Answer 4

Wessex, Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia.

Question 5

Which family was in charge of Wessex?

Answer 5

Godwins

Question 6

With which area did England do much of its trade?

Answer 6

Scandinavia

Question 7

What was the Witan?

Answer 7

The advisors to the English king who were all nobles from the leading faimilies in the kingdom.

Question 8

In the late 1050s what did Harold Godwinson become?

Answer 8

Sub-regulus

Question 9

What were the names of the 4 claimants to the English throne in 1066?

Answer 9

Edgar Eatheling, Harold Godwinson, William, Duke of Normandy, Harald Hardrada.

Question 10

Who became the King of England on 6th January 1066?

Answer 10

Harold Godwinson

Question 11

What did the Pope give to William in 1066?

Answer 11

A papal banner

Question 12

What did Harold Godwinson do for the summer of 1066?

Answer 12

Wait for William to invade.

Question 13

The first army to invade England was led by whom?

Answer 13

Harald Hardrada

Question 14

Which of Harold Godwinson’s brothers joined Hardrada?

Answer 14

Tostig

Question 15

On 20th September Hardrada and Tostig defeated Earls Edwin and Morcar at which battle?

Answer 15

Gate Fulford

Question 16

On 25th September Harold Godwinson fought Harald Hardrada at which battle?

Answer 16

Stamford Bridge

Question 17

Who won?

Answer 17

Harold Godwinson

Question 18

When did William arrive in England?

Answer 18

28th September

Question 19

Where did he land?

Answer 19

Pevensey

Question 20

When did the Battle of Hastings take place?

Answer 20

14th October 1066

Question 21

How many troops did the English and Norman armies have each?

Answer 21

7000

Question 22

Which 3 types of troops made up the English army?

Answer 22

Housecarls, thegns and fyrd.

Question 23

How did all the English fight?

Answer 23

On foot

Question 24

What formation did the Englishline up in?

Answer 24

In a shield wall.

Question 25

What type of soldiers did the Normans have?

Answer 25

Knights(cavalry), foot soldiers, archers.

Question 26

What type of armour did many of the soldiers wear?

Answer 26

Chainmail

Question 27

Where did the English line up?

Answer 27

On the top of a hill - Senlac Hill

Question 28

Who did most of the attacking in the battle?

Answer 28

the Normans

Question 29

What was the turning point of the battle?

Answer 29

The Norman feigned retreats.

Question 30

Why was this a turning point?

Answer 30

The English shield wall was badly weakened and started to break up.

Question 31

What happened to Harold Godwinson?

Answer 31

He was killed.

Question 32

What was a vassal?

Answer 32

A person who promised to be loyal and serve their lord militarily in return for land.

Question 33

When was William crowned King of England?

Answer 33

Christmas Day 1066

Question 34

What happened to the Englis lords who promised to be loyal to him?

Answer 34

They were allowed to keep their land.

Question 35

What did many English people do against the Normans soon after they took control?

Answer 35

Rebel against them

Question 36

Why did William carry out his series of attacks against the North of England in 1069?

Answer 36

In reprisal for a rebellion against him.

Question 37

What was this series of attacks called?

Answer 37

The Harrying of the North

Question 38

Who was made Earl of Hereford?

Answer 38

William Fitz Osbern

Question 39

Why did the Normans build castles?

Answer 39

To protect them from the English.

Question 40

What was the name of the early type of castles built by the Normans?

Answer 40

Motte and Bailey

Question 41

What surrounded the castles?

Answer 41

a moat

Question 42

What was built on top of the motte?

Answer 42

the Keep