Botany exam 5

Question 1

Homogamy

Answer 1

Pollen and stigma are active at same time

Question 2

Cleistogamy

Answer 2

Pollen is shed from anther to closed stigma

Question 3

Cross Fertilization

Answer 3

requires cross pollination, pollen exchange between flowers or plants

Question 4

Mixed Breeding systems

Answer 4

can operate by self pollination and cross pollination.

- depends on variability of pollinators

Question 5

Self Fertilization

Answer 5

pollination on the same flower or between flowers of the same plant

Question 6

Cross Pollination

Answer 6

added variation

good chance of different genomes and genetic lineages

Question 7

Protandry

Answer 7

Anthers active before pistil/stigma

Question 8

Protogyny

Answer 8

Pistil/Stigma are active before anthers

Question 9

Endozoochory

Answer 9

Dispersal inside an animal

Question 10

Autochory

Answer 10

Self Dispersal

Question 11

Active Autochory

Answer 11

Explosion of seeds

Question 12

Passive Autochory

Answer 12

requires wind or something to brush it so the seeds can fall

Question 13

Epizoochory

Answer 13

Attached to an animal

- spines, hooked hairs, and mucilage

Question 14

Synzoochory

Answer 14

intentional animal movement

- stockpiling (i.e. ants)

Question 15

What is the cell wall of fungi made of?

Answer 15

Chitin

Question 16

Coenocytic Hyphae

Answer 16

Hyphae are that are not divided by septa

Question 17

Cytoplasmic Continuity

Answer 17

Pores in septum allow for exchange of cytoplasm between adjacent cells

Question 18

Where does growth occur for fungi hyphae?

Answer 18

Tips of the hyphae

Question 19

What are Fungi “Eyes”

Answer 19

Specialized structures that can give the fungi information of light levels in environment. Reproduce more, because of changing environment

Question 20

Chemoheterotrophic

Answer 20

Don’t have ability to fix carbon, nitrogen, or photosynthesize

Question 21

Where does nutrition for fungi come from?

Answer 21

preformed organic materials: C,N, and energy

Question 22

What is exocellular digestion?

Answer 22

Type of digestion for fungi, external digestion

Question 23

What is the storage molecule for fungi

Answer 23

Glycogen

Question 24

What are Seprotrophs?

Answer 24

Digest dead organic material, mainly plant

Question 25

What are Biotrophs?

Answer 25

parasites that need a host, but do not kill their hos

Question 26

What is a Haustorium?

Answer 26

Haustorium is a part of the biotrophs, it sends its way into the host cells, cell send the haustorial nutrients.

Question 27

What are Necrotrophs?

Answer 27

another parasite that kills their host, then absorbs nutrients

Question 28

What is a perfect fungi?

Answer 28

reproduces sexually and asexually

Question 29

What is an imperfect fungi?

Answer 29

Only Asexual reproduction

Question 30

Homothallic?

Answer 30

mating type that involves one fungus

Question 31

Heterothallic?

Answer 31

mating type that are different genetic strains

Question 32

Plasmogamy

Answer 32

fusion of the plasma membrane during fungus life cycle

Question 33

Karyogamy

Answer 33

Haploid nuclei fuse and create zygote-->zygote then goes through meiosis producing haploid spores

Question 34

Fragmentation

Answer 34

type of asexual reproduction, that breaks the mycellium, creating new parts

Question 35

Sclerotia

Answer 35

Protective covering

Question 36

Rhizomorphs

Answer 36

Hyphael structures made up of a mass of hyphae

Question 37

Phylum Dictyosteliomycota

Answer 37

Cellular Slime molds

Question 38

Phylum Myxomycota

Answer 38

Plasmodial Slime Molds | - Amoeba like

Question 39

Acrasin

Answer 39

allows cellular slime molds to aggregate and form a pseudoplasmodium

Question 40

Pseudoplasmodium

Answer 40

formed prior to reproduction | - cluster of cells

Question 41

Slug

Answer 41

Migrating colony of slime mold

Question 42

Sorocarp

Answer 42

on top of slime mold | - spore producing structure

Question 43

Phylum Oomycota

Answer 43

Water Molds | - produces oogonium and antheridium

Question 44

Phylum Chytridiomycota

Answer 44

Chytrids | - most primitive of the fungi

Question 45

Phylum Zygomycota

Answer 45

Bread Mold | - Zygospore

Question 46

Zygospore

Answer 46

- protection of the zygote

Question 47

Phylum Ascomycota

Answer 47

Sac Fungi

Question 48

Ascoma

Answer 48

fruiting body

Question 49

Ascus

Answer 49

inside Ascoma | - where reproductive strcutures are