Bowel/Bladder

Question 0

Constipation

Answer 0

Symptom not a disease. Intestinal motility slows, fecal masses become exposed and most of the fecal water is absorbed causing a hard mass and a painful defecation

Question 1

Cathartic

Answer 1

Softens the stool, harsher then a laxative

Question 2

Diarrhea

Answer 2

Liquified stool, intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. As a result feces become watery and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate

Question 3

Endoscopy

Answer 3

Testing that requires visualization of the GI tract

Question 4

Enema

Answer 4

Promote defecation by stimulating the peristalsis

Question 5

Paralytic ileus

Answer 5

Any surgery that involves direct manipulation of the bowels that temporarily stops peristalsis

Question 6

Micturition

Answer 6

Process of urination

Question 7

Meatus

Answer 7

Opening that allows urine to flow out

Question 8

Nocturia

Answer 8

Frequent urination at night

Question 9

Overflow incontinence

Answer 9

Occurs when a bladders overly full and bladder pressure exceeds sphincters pressure, often resulting in involuntary leakage of urine

Question 10

Reflex incontinence

Answer 10

This condition causes loss of voluntary control of urination; but the
micturition reflex pathway often remains intact, allowing urination to occur without sensation or the need to avoid

Question 11

Residual incontinence

Answer 11

Referred to as post void residual. Volume of urine remaining in the bladder after a normal voiding.

Question 12

Specific gravity

Answer 12

The weight or degree of concentration of a substance compared with an equal volume of water

Question 13

Stress incontinence

Answer 13

Involuntary leakage of urine during increased abdominal pressure in the absence of bladder muscle contraction

Question 14

Urge incontinence

Answer 14

Urge to urinate

Question 15

Urgency

Answer 15

Strong desire to urinate

Question 16

Normal bowel sounds

Answer 16

High pitched, irregular, gurgling noises. Occur every 5-20 seconds in all quadrants

Question 17

Hyperactive bowel sounds

Answer 17

Low, gurgling, Rushed sounds that are also called borborygmi.. Sounds may occur in one, several or all of the quads.

Question 18

Hypoactive bowel sounds

Answer 18

Soft, low and widely separated so only one or two may be heard over two minutes. These sounds may occur in one or several or all of the quadrants.

Question 19

Absent bowel sounds

Answer 19

If no sounds in a quadrant are heard for 3 to 5 minutes, bowel sounds are considered to be absent in one, several or all the quadrants.

Question 20

Types of enemas

Answer 20

Cleansing, oil retention, tap water, soap suds, normal saline

Question 21

Cleansing enema

Answer 21

Promotes complete evacuation of feces from the colon

Question 22

Oil retention enema

Answer 22

Lubricates the colon, the feces absorb the oil making it softer and easier to pass

Question 23

Glycosuria

Answer 23

Sugar in urine

Question 24

Stoma

Answer 24

Temporary or permanent, artificial opening in the abdominal wall

Question 25

Ileostomy

Answer 25

Surgical openings are created in the ileum

Question 26

Fecal incontinence

Answer 26

Inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus

Question 27

Hematuria

Answer 27

Blood in urine

Question 28

Proteinuria

Answer 28

Protein/albumin in urine

Question 29

Pyuria

Answer 29

Pus in urine

Question 30

Dysuria

Answer 30

Painful/ burning when urinating

Question 31

Hesitancy

Answer 31

Delay in urinating even though the feeling to urinate is there

Question 32

Frequency

Answer 32

Urinating often in small amounts

Question 33

Enuresis

Answer 33

Bed wetting in children after voluntary control should have been achieved (5years or older)

Question 34

Colostomy

Answer 34

Surgical opening in the colon

Question 35

Normal saline enema

Answer 35

Safest solution for an enema. Same osmotic pressure as fluids in interstitial spaces surrounding the bowels

Question 36

Nephron

Answer 36

Functional unit of the kidney, forms the urine

Question 37

Renal calculus

Answer 37

Kidney stones

Question 38

Over active bladder (OAB)

Answer 38

Results from sudden, involuntary contraction of the muscles of the bladder

Question 39

Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

Answer 39

Or Guaiac test. Measures microscopic amounts of blood in feces