Bowel Sounds

Question 0

Epigastric?

Answer 0

Upper middle region of abdomen

Question 1

Peristalsis?

Answer 1

wave of contractions forcing contents through DS

Question 2

Suprapubic?

Answer 2

above symphysis pubis

Question 3

umbilical?

Answer 3

navel

Question 4

Tenesmus?

Answer 4

feeling you need to pass stool although already empty

Question 5

Borborygmi?

Answer 5

bowel rumbling

Question 6

Flatulence?

Answer 6

gas

Question 7

Hemorrhoids?

Answer 7

ssswollen, inflammed veins around rectum/ anus

Question 8

Meconium?

Answer 8

dark green first stool bb passes

Question 9

Occult blood?

Answer 9

blood in feces that is not visible

Question 10

Paralytic ileus?

Answer 10

Late stage bowel obstruction causes constipation/bloating

Question 11

Valsalva maneuver?

Answer 11

attempt to exhale with windpipe closed

Question 12

Cathartics?

Answer 12

substance that accelerates defecation

Question 13

enema?hypertonic - fluid out of interstitial space
isotonic
cleansing
hypotonic

Answer 13

hypo- evacuates bowels before lots of fluid absorbed

Question 14

Fecal impaction

Answer 14

solid and immobile bulk

Question 15

Laxative?

Answer 15

Oral to facilitate or increase bowel movements

Question 16

Suppository?

Answer 16

inserted into rectum that melts at body temp

Question 17

What to inspect on abdominal assessment?

Answer 17

xiphoid process-> pubic symphysis
sym
distension
skin
umbilicus
color

Question 18

How to osculate abdomen?

Answer 18

Warm, privacy warmth, quiet, clockwise, Sound in all quadrants

sounds audible/absent

Question 19

What to do if can’t hear sound in quadrant of abdomen?

Answer 19

wait 1 more min and if still can’t here come back to it last and do it for five mins

Question 20

What is order of assessment in abdomen?

Answer 20

inspection
ascultation
Palpation
Percussion

Question 21

How to palpate abdomen, what are you looking for?

Answer 21

1-2xm depress with relaxed stom

masses/tenderness

Question 22

what is percussion used for in abdomen?

Answer 22

fluid, gases, lesions detection

Question 23

What are infants bowels like?

Answer 23

passage of meconium, short rectum, no control if full

Question 24

Toddlers bowels?

Answer 24

short rectum, no control over full bowel

Question 25

School age/adolescent and bowels?

Answer 25

Regular patterns

Question 26

Pregnancy and bowels?

Answer 26

hormones cause slow bowels, constipation, bb puts pressure on rectum, at risk for hemmorrhoids make them not want to go, decreased sensation

Question 27

Older Adult and bowels?

Answer 27

``` long rectal length peristalsis slows down leading to constipation, more fluid extracted from feces loss of sphincter control weakened muscles decrease nerve impulses decreased absorption of intestines ```

Question 28

Factors that determine Bowel functions?

Answer 28

``` Diet Fluid intake personal habits activity/exercise pain analgesics/surgery - sleeping bopwels emotions - stress increases perstatlsis illness ```

Question 29

What does it mean if pt passes gas?

Answer 29

Bowels are working

Question 30

What to assess about bowel elimination?

Answer 30

``` usual frequency, amount, consistency changes gas Last BM Diet Lifestyle=stress/exercise general health past/recent bowel problems past and recent ise of meds/bowel meds ```

Question 31

What is constipation?

Answer 31

Symptom infrequent BM hard/difficult to pass straining can be a hazard for passing out - valsalva manoeuvre --> exhale through mouth during strainin to avoid VM

Question 32

Causees of constipation?

Answer 32

``` ireg bowel pattern/ignoring urge chronic illness diet situational stress heavy laxative use meds ^age ```

Question 33

1rst things to do to manage constipation?

Answer 33

increase fluid intake | increase fiber and activity

Question 34

2nd thing to do for constipation management?

Answer 34

laxatives/ bowel protocol

Question 35

What is the bowel protocol?

Answer 35

phys orders, decision making tool

Question 36

What are tyoes of Oral Laxatives?

Answer 36

stool softener stimulant laxative osmotic saline

Question 37

What is a type of stool softener? | What does it do?

Answer 37

docusate water from outside o intstine into colon gentle

Question 38

What is a stimulant laxative? | What does it do?

Answer 38

Sennoides bring h20 into bowel, stimulates peristalsis cramping?

Question 39

What is an osmotic lacative? | What does it do?

Answer 39

Lactulose | bring liquid into colon to help evacuate

Question 40

What is a type of saline? | What does it do?

Answer 40

Magnesium Hydroxide | softening stool and stims peristalsis

Question 41

What are types of suppositories?

Answer 41

Glycerin - mostly babies - longer and skinner | stimulant - bisacodyl

Question 42

Types of enemas?

Answer 42

Microlax - 5ml phosphate enema - 1 cup liquid cleansing - bowel prep before procedure Medicated

Question 43

What is fecal impation?

Answer 43

unrelieved constipation Hardened feces unable to be expelled oozing liquid stool may be indication Symptoms: aneroxia, vomit, distension, cramping, rectal pain resolved with digital disimpaction

Question 44

What is diarrhea?

Answer 44

^ number of stools liquid, unformed results in liquid/electrolyte imbalance causing skin breakdown

Question 45

What are causes of diarrhea?

Answer 45

antibiotics, food allergies, diseases, dx testing, contaminated foods

Question 46

What are treatments for diarrhea?

Answer 46

diet supplements/meds

Question 47

Documentation of Bowels?

Answer 47

sign for meds and doc BM on protocol MAR Kardex/ shift report team bowel board focus/progress notes prn