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Fundamentals NUR 220 > Bowels > Flashcards

Bowels Flashcards

1
Q

what factors can slow bowels

A

meds (narcotics- constipation)
anesthesia
diagnostic tests
stress

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2
Q

what do you chart for stool

A

occurrences
volume
color
odor
consistency
shape

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3
Q

what meds cause diarrhea

A

antibiotics
opioids

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4
Q

recommended fiber intake

A

25-30 g

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5
Q

recommended fluid intake

A

2-3L

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6
Q

how does surgery and anesthesia affect bowels

A

stops peristalsis
*can cause small bowel obstruction

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7
Q

stools with cystic fibrosis

A

fatty and foul smelling

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8
Q

why is flatus important

A

tells us bowels are moving

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9
Q

amount for stool culture and sensitivity

A

1 inch or 15-30 mL

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10
Q

what is guaiac

A

occult (hidden, cant be seen) blood

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11
Q

before an occult test, pt must limit

A

red meat

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12
Q

direct visualization examples

A

colonoscopy
sigmoidoscopy
wireless capsule

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13
Q

indirect visualization examples

A

barium enema
barium swallow
CT
ultrasound

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14
Q

in occult blood what color is positive

A

blue

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15
Q

what color is an Upper GI bleed

A

dark black
coffee grounds
tarry

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16
Q

what color is a lower GI bleed

A

bright red

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17
Q

when doing rectal exams how should pt be positioned

A

left side lying

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18
Q

what do we give someone going through barium

A

fluids and laxatives
*barium hardens

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19
Q

constipation

A

dry hard stool that is hard to pass

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20
Q

impaction

A

hard immovable mass of stool

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21
Q

what does fecal impaction cause

A

increased pressure in colon-
causes necrosis and ulceration/perforation

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22
Q

diarrhea

A

liquid stool from food passing through intestines rapidly before water is absorbed
*supportive (gets pathogens out)

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23
Q

good colon prep

A

significant suctioning

24
Q

fair prep

A

semi solid stool

25
Q

poor prep

A

<90% of mucosa seen and cannot be suctioned

26
Q

hemorrhoids

A

distended veins in rectal folds
bright red bleeding

27
Q

small bowel obstruction

A

stoppage of peristalsis

28
Q

bulk forming laxatives
Metamucil

A

bulks stool which causes peristalsis or propulsion

29
Q

stool softeners
Colace

A

pulls liquid into stool to help it pass

30
Q

stimulant laxatives
Dulcolax

A

causes peristalsis by irritating bowel wall
*causes pain and cramping

31
Q

tell tale sign impaction is high up in GI

A

fluid from rectum bc only liquid can get around impaction

32
Q

3 things to help treat constipation

A

fluid
fiber
stool softener

33
Q

DONT do digital disimpaction on

A

cardiac pts

34
Q

digital disimpaction requirements

A

left side lying
rectum only
double glove
lubricant

35
Q

enema

A

liquid through tube into bowel

36
Q

what temp do we want enema

A

room temp

37
Q

stop enema if

A

pt complains of cramping

38
Q

tap water
normal saline
soap suds
enema amount

A

500-1000 mL

39
Q

fleets hypertonic enema amount

A

70-130 mL

40
Q

oil retention enema amount

A

150-200 mL

41
Q

tap water and normal saline enema action

A

distends intestines
increases peristalsis
softens stools

42
Q

soap suds enema action

A

distends intestine
irritates intestinal mucosa
softens stools

43
Q

fleets hypertonic enema action

A

distends intestine
irritates intestinal mucosa

44
Q

oil retention enema action

A

lubricates stool and intestinal mucosa

45
Q

bowel perforation is often

A

fatal

46
Q

two causes of bowel perforation

A

fecal impaction
enemas

47
Q

stool in the sigmoid colostomy

A

solid

48
Q

stool in the ascending colostomy

A

partially liquid

49
Q

stool in the descending colostomy

A

formed and soft

50
Q

stool in the transverse colostomy

A

soft and pasty

51
Q

stool in the ileostomy

A

liquid

52
Q

stoma should be what color

A

beefy red

53
Q

second leading cause of cancer deaths

A

colorectal cancer
*40% more common in men

54
Q

why is stool culture first step in diarrhea treatment

A

bc if bacteria is causing it we dont want to stop diarrhea

55
Q

stoma bag diet

A

increase fiber (grains, oats, veggies)
decrease gas causing foods (beans, alcohol, beer, cabbage, brussels)

Fundamentals NUR 220 (21 decks)

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