Brain and BBS (Ch. 14)

Question 1

Meninges of the Brain

Answer 1

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 2

function of brain meninges

Answer 2

-protect brain and provide structural support
-sit between nerovus tissue and bone

Question 3

Falx cerebri

Answer 3

separates the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 4

tentorium cerebelli

Answer 4

separates cerebrum from cerebellum

Question 5

falx cerebelli

Answer 5

separates right and left halves of cerebellum

Question 6

Arachnoid mater

Answer 6

transparent membrane over brain surface

Question 7

pia mater

Answer 7

-follows all contours of brain
-follows arteries as they penetrate cerebrum

Question 8

meningitis

Answer 8

-inflammation of meninges
-serious disease fo infancy and childhood
-enlargement of ventricles, brain swelling, hemorrhage

Signs: high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness, intense headache

diagnosed by examining CSF via Lumbar puncture

Question 9

interventricular foramen

Answer 9

pore tha connects lateral ventricles to third ventricle

Question 10

cerebral aqueduct

Answer 10

tube running through midbrain that connects thrid ventricle to fourth ventricle

Question 11

central canal

Answer 11

tube that connects to the fourth ventricle and runs throught the center of spinal cord

Question 12

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Answer 12

clear colorless liquid that fills the ventricles and canals of CNS

Question 13

Choroid plexus

Answer 13

spongy mass of blood capillaries on floor of each ventricle

Question 14

ependyma

Answer 14

type of neuroglia that lines ventricles and covers choroid plexus

Question 15

production of CSF

Answer 15

filtration of blood plasma through capillaries of the brain

Question 16

How does CSF flow?

Answer 16

driven by its own pressure, beating of ependymal cilia, and pulsations of the brain from each heartbeat

Question 17

Pathway of CSF?

Answer 17

1. CSF is secreted by choroid plexus in each lateral ventricle
2. CSF flows through interventricular foramina into third ventricle
3. Choroid plexus in third ventricle adds more CSF
4. CSF flows down cerebral aqueduct to fourth ventricle
5. Choroid plexus in fourth ventricle adds more CSF
   6.CSF flows out two lateral apertures and one median aperture
6. CSF fills subarachnoid space and bathes external surfaces of brain and spinal cord
7. at arachnoid villi, CSF is reabsorbed into venous blood of dural venous sinuses

Question 18

Function of CSF

Answer 18

-Buoyancy
-Protection
-Chemical Stability

Question 19

Brain Barrier System

Answer 19

regulates what substances can get from bloodstream into tissue of the brain

-can inhibit the deliverance of certain medications

Question 20

Brain barrier permeability

Answer 20

Highly permeable to: water, glucose, and lipid soluble substances (oxygen, CO2, alcohol, caffiene, nicotine, anesthetics)

Slightly permeable to: sodium, potassium, waste products urea and creatinine

Question 21

Blood Brain Barrier

Answer 21

tight junctions between endothelial cells that form capillary walls

-anything leaving the blood must pass through the cells and not the gaps in between them

Question 22

Blood CSF B arrier

Answer 22

tight junctions between ependymal cells