Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 1

Where is the Frontal Lobe?

Answer 1

Anterior of the brain

Question 2

Frontal lobe controls:

Answer 2

Speech formation and comprehension, Memory, Logical and emotional responses, Sensation interpretation, Voluntary movement

Question 3

What is Broca’s area?

Answer 3

Portion of the brain that allows actual motor formation of words

Question 4

Where is the parietal lobe?

Answer 4

Center of skull

Question 5

Parietal lobe controls:

Answer 5

Somatic senses, Interpretation of sensory input, Recognition of pain, coldness, and light touches

Question 6

Where is the occipital lobe?

Answer 6

Posterior of the skull

Question 7

Occipital lobe controls:

Answer 7

Interpretation of some of the special senses, particularly sight

Question 8

Where are the temporal lobes?

Answer 8

Inferior portion of the skull

Question 9

Temporal lobes control:

Answer 9

Reception and interpretation of sound, Reception and interpretation of smell

Question 10

Where is the brain stem?

Answer 10

Under the brain

Question 11

Brain stem controls:

Answer 11

Blood pressure, Breathing rate

Question 12

What is the brain stem?

Answer 12

Pathway for ascending and descending neural tracts

Question 13

Where is the diencephalon?

Answer 13

Above the brainstem, interior of brain

Question 14

Diencephalon controls:

Answer 14

Hormones, Crude recognitions, Regulation of temperature, water balance, and metabolism, Visceral senses

Question 15

Where is the cerebellum?

Answer 15

Under the temporal lobes

Question 16

Cerebellum controls:

Answer 16

Precise skeletal muscle timing and activity, Equilibrium of the body

Question 17

What are meninges?

Answer 17

Tough, three layer membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Protect CNS from abrasive damage and circulate csf.

Question 18

What is the dura mater?

Answer 18

Attaches to the skull

Question 19

What is the pia mater?

Answer 19

Attaches to the brain and spinal cord

Question 20

What is the arachnoid mater?

Answer 20

Connects the two

Question 21

What is CSF?

Answer 21

Watery substance derived from blood plasma
Contains nutrients and ions essential to the health of the brain and spinal cord. CSF also provides extra cushioning

Question 22

Where is the CSF?

Answer 22

Circulates in the subarachnoid space – space under the arachnoid mater, but above the pia mater

Question 23

What is the spinal cord?

Answer 23

A continuation of the brain, a two way information pathway. About 17 inches long and ends at second lumbar vertebra. This is where we do a spinal tap. 31 pairs of spinal nerves come off the spinal cord

Question 24

What are cranial nerves?

Answer 24

12 pairs total, Each serves a different part of the cranium or throat, Only the vagus nerves extend down into the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Question 25

Cranial Nerve I

Answer 25

Olfactory: Solely for smell sensation

Question 26

Cranial Nerve II

Answer 26

Optic: Solely for sight sensation

Question 27

Cranial Nerve III

Answer 27

Oculomotor: Moves the eye and controls pupil

Question 28

Cranial Nerve IV

Answer 28

Trochlear: Moves the eye

Question 29

Cranial Nerve V

Answer 29

Trigeminal: Sensation of facial skin, mucosa of mouth & nose, activates chewing muscles

Question 30

Cranial Nerve VI

Answer 30

Abducens: Rolls eye laterally

Question 31

Cranial Nerve VII

Answer 31

Facial: Controls muscles of facial expression, lacrimal, and salivary glands, carries taste impulses

Question 32

Cranial Nerve VIII

Answer 32

Vestibulocochlear: Vestibular branch controls balance, cochlear branch transmits impulses for hearing

Question 33

Cranial Nerve IX

Answer 33

Glossopharyngeal: promote swallowing and saliva production, carries taste sensation

Question 34

Cranial Nerve X

Answer 34

Vagus: Control pharynx, larynx, abdominal, and thoracic viscera

Question 35

Cranial Nerve XI

Answer 35

Accessory: Control sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Question 36

Cranial Nerve XII

Answer 36

Hypoglossal: Control the tongue, carries impulses from the tongue

Question 37

What are nerve plexes?

Answer 37

Network of nerves that arises from a certain set of vertebra and serves a certain area of the body.

Question 38

Cervical: C1 – C5

Answer 38

Major Nerve: Phrenic – controls diaphragm

Question 39

Brachial: C5 – T1

Answer 39

Major Nerves: Axillary – controls deltoid Radial – controls triceps Median – controls forearm flexor muscles and some hand muscles Musculocutaneous – controls arm flexors Ulnar – controls wrist and hand muscles

Question 40

Lumbar: L1 – L4

Answer 40

Major Nerves: Femoral – controls lower abdomen, buttocks, anterior thighs Obturator – Controls adductor muscles, small hip muscles

Question 41

Sacral: L4 – S4

Answer 41

Major Nerves: Sciatic – (largest nerve in the body), lower trunk, posterior surface of leg and thigh Common fibular – lateral aspect of leg and foot Tibial – posterior aspect of leg and foot Superior and inferior gluteal – gluteal muscles of hip