Brain Development Flashcards
(32 cards)
What are the three germ cell layers near the beginning of development?
Ectoderm, Endoderm, and Mesoderm
What does the Ectoderm become?
Nervous system and skin
What does Endoderm become?
Lining of internal organs
What does Mesoderm become?
Muscles and bones
What is Neurulation?
Process of making neural plate into neural tube
What does the neural tube become?
The CNS
What does the neural crest become?
The PNS
What can a failure of the anterior tube closing cause?
Anencephaly (caved in head looking thing)
What can a failure of the posterior tube closing cause?
Spina bifocals (spine bulge)
____ Deficiency can cause increase incidence of neural tube defects
Folic acid
What are the four things that come out of the neural tube? (Not the -ephalons)
Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, spinal cord
What are the three primary vesicles that form from the rostral end of the neural tube?
Prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon
What does the prosencephalon differentiate into?
Telencephalon and Diencephalon
What does the rhombencephalon differentiate into?
Metencephalon andMyelencephalon
What does the telencephalon become?
Cerebrum
What does the diencephalon turn into?
Thalamus and hypothalamus
What does the mesencephalon turn into?
Midbrain
What does the metencephalon turn into?
Cerebellum and Pons
What does the Myelencephalon turn into?
Medulla
What is the MAIN role of the cortex?
Analyzing sensory info and commanding motor outputs
What does the Basal Ganglia do?
Control voluntary movement
What are the two parts of the limbic system? What do those parts control?
Hippocampus and amygdala, memory and emotion respectively
What’s the main role of the thalamus?
Relays most sensory info minus olfaction
What is the hypothalamus’ main role?
Homeostasis and circadian rhythms
