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MUSC 4340 > Brain Structures and Functions Quiz > Flashcards

Brain Structures and Functions Quiz Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Dopamine

A

A neurotransmitter found in high concentrations in the nucleus accumbens and the basal ganglia and is responsible for movement and motivation

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2
Q

Spasticity

A

Increased muscle tone

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3
Q

Flaccidity

A

Decreased muscle tone

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4
Q

Visual Agnosia

A

The inability to recognize a visual image even though it is part of the person’s experience:

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5
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

Failure to recognize and identify faces

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6
Q

Anosognosia

A

Unawareness that one is ill or injured

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7
Q

Apraxia

A

Inability to do things due to a difficulty in transforming intentions into actions

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8
Q

Agnosia

A

Inability to recognize objects due to a difficulty in interpreting sensory information

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9
Q

Anomia

A

Difficulty in finding the names for objects

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10
Q

Macropsia

A

Seeing things as larger than they are

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11
Q

Micropsia

A

Seeing things as smaller than they are

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12
Q

Dyspraxia

A

Inability to initiate and integrate movement correctly

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13
Q

Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder

A

A common problem affecting the frontal lobes of the brain

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14
Q

Broca’s Area

A

Key functions include language expression and converting ideas into words

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15
Q

Cingulate Gyrus

A

Key functions are attention, goal-directed behavior, and emotional processing. Part of the limbic system

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16
Q

Frontal Lobes

A

Lobes of the brain which direct all executive functioning. Located in the front, superior region

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17
Q

Motor Cortex

A

Part of the frontal lobe which is exclusively involved with planning, initiating and maintaining
movement

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18
Q

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A

A common problem associated with malfunctions of the cingulate gyrus

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19
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Located at the back of the brain, responsible for integrating and disseminating visual information

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20
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Part of the brain located behind the frontal lobe, whose primary functions are awareness of environment, attention, analysis of the environment and arithmetic processing

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21
Q

Predominant Lymbic Structures

A

Nucleus accumbens, amygdala and hippocampus

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22
Q

Primary Motor Cortex

A

Most posterior part of the frontal lobes responsible for planning movement

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23
Q

Somatosensory Cortex

A

Area of the brain (anterior part of the parietal lobe) mainly concerned with bodily sensations, body image, and awareness of body position and state

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24
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Part of the brain responsible for integrating, interpreting, and disseminating auditory information. Located anterior to occipital lobes

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25
Wernicke's Area
Key functions include language reception, meaning, and analyzing speech
26
Controls Voluntary Movement
Pyramidal System
27
Controls Involuntary Movement
Extrapyramidal System
28
Anterior
Towards the "front" of the body
29
Posterior
Towards the "back" of the body
30
Anterior Brain Functions
Personality, speech, initiative, and emotion
31
Posterior Brain Functions
Sensation, perception, automatic regulations
32
Frederick Foresight
Frontal lobes, executive functioning, when unhealthy he is passive, indecisive, and has no ideas (ADHD, developmental delay, impulsivity, overeating, behavioral problems)
33
Rochelle Ringbond
Cingulate Gyrus, attention, goal-directed behaviors, and emotional processing. When unhealthy: akinetic mutism, OCD, depression
34
Dudly Doit
Motor cortex, planning, initiating, and monitoring movement. When unhealthy: dyspraxia, paralysis, problem maintaining movement
35
Cherry Chatterly
Broca's area, expressive language. When unhealthy: poor expression and slow speech, but good understanding
36
Charles Chatterly
Wernike's area, receptive language. When unhealthy: difficulty understanding and sense of communication is lost
37
Melissa Mirrorwood
Somatosensory cortex, bodily sensations, awareness, and image. When unhealthy: CVAs, anorexia nervosa, phantom limb
38
Maurice Mapply
Parietal lobes, awareness of environment, attention, arithmetical processing. When unhealthy: difficulty integrating information, agnosia, apraxia, impairment of attention
39
Penelope Panorama
Occipital lobes, gathers, makes sense of, and sends off sensory information. When unhealthy: seizures, migraine, visual agnosia, and hallucinations
40
Lilly Listentale
Temporal lobes, integrate and disseminate AUDITORY information. When unhealthy: trauma, stroke, dementia, prenatal infection, and seizures
41
Brenda Bridgehead
Insula, regulation, taste and visceral memory, experience of disgust. When unhealthy: stroke, epilepsy, anorexia nervosa
42
Christopher Crosstalk
Corpus callosum, communication between hemispheres of brain. When unhealthy: epilepsy, split-brain, and agenesis
43
Sage Seahorse
Hippocampus, new learning, memory. When things go wrong: learning impaired, wrong memory associations, poor memory
44
Annie Almond
Amygdala, threat detection, stress response, emotional learning. When unhealthy: night terrors, panic attacks, PTSD
45
Priscilla Prizeman
Nucleus Accumbens, reward and reinforcement, motivation, drive. When unhealthy: maladaptive behaviors, addiction, schizophrenia
46
Olivia Orgasmia
Septal nuclei, rage, sexual consummation and reward. When unhealthy: rage outbursts and difficulty orgasm
47
Corrie O'Graphie
Basal ganglia; muscle tone, implementing movement, procedural memory. When unhealthy: OCD, Tourette's, Huntington's, Parkinson's
48
Felicity Feelall
Thalamus; processing involving pain, integrating movement. When unhealthy: pain, hallucinations, exacerbated to heat/cold
49
Uma Underbridge
Hypothalamus; growth, reproduction, signals threat. When unhealthy: hypothalamic syndrome (increased hunger, thirst, agitation, etc)
50
Horace Hormone
Pituitary; threat response. When unwell: hyper/hypo-pituitarism
51
Fay Faceaner
Pons; networking, relay sensations from face. When things go wrong: disconnect of communication
52
Sam Swallowtalk
Medulla; relay sensations involving speech and swallowing, basic functions. When things go wrong: swallowing, heart rate, breathing.
53
Frank Finesse
Cerebellum; movement, balance, integrating function. When things go wrong: tremors, loss of balance, alcohol use
54
Tony Turnon
Locus Coeruleus - DREAMTEAM; focuses on threats to brain. When unwell: night panic, hard time focusing
55
Dr. Ernie Enkaphalin
Periaqueductal grey matter - DREMTEAM; reacts to pain. When unwell: reacts to pain for no reason or during lack of pain
56
Dr. Raffi Restrogen
Raphe Nuclei - DREAMTEAM; calm, reduce tension, makes you feel good. When unwell: loose your cool, can't sleep, depressed
57
Tim Tickertaste
Solitary Nuclei - DREAMTEAM; keeps things energy efficient. When unwell: vomiting, irregular heart rate and breathing
58
Amusia
the inability to perceive correct frequencies of pitch
59
Nucleus Accumbens Septi
releases dopamine when listening to pleasant music, key to internal reward system
60
Cerebellum
fine tunes motor activity, balance, involved in automatic motor responses
61
Limbic system
Processes emotions and long term memory. Includes: hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, and nucleus accumbens
62
Visual cortex
Processes all visual information, located in occipital lobe
63
Primary Auditory Cortex
Located in temporal lobes, involved in speech perception and execution, processes pitch and volume
64
Sensory Cortex
Located behind motor cortex, integrates all sensory information, integrate tactile sensations which comprise active music making
65
Motor Cortex
Located behind the frontal cortex; coordinates voluntary motor function, controls fine motor activity
66
Prefrontal Cortex
Located at the front of the brain; role in executive functioning and decision making
67
Lobes as Music Processing
Temporal: processes the sounds we hear; Frontal: provides attention we need to hear; Parietal: associates melody with personal experience
68
Cochlear Nerve
Cranial nerve 8; in charge of auditory processing. Vibrations travel through the pinna, auditory canal, tympanic membrane, cochlea, basilar membrane, cochlear nerve

MUSC 4340 (1 decks)

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