Brain Vascular Anatomy

Question 1

How much of the bodies oxygen supply and cardiac output does the brain need?

Answer 1

20% O2

15% CO

Question 2

Can brain cells store o2 and glucose?

Answer 2

No, they rely on a constant supply of micronutrients from arterial blood flow

Question 3

What area do the carotid arteries supply blood to?

Answer 3

Anterior circulation of the brain.

Question 4

What area of the brain do the vertebral arteries supply blood to?

Answer 4

Vertebrobasilar territory or posterior circulation of the brain

Question 5

Which vessels make up anterior circulation?

Answer 5

ICA- internal carotid
MCA - middle cerebral
ACA - anterior cerebral
Anterior communicating Artery

Question 6

The anterior circulation supplies which lobes

Answer 6

Frontal
Temporal
Parietal

Question 7

Which structure are supplied by the posterior circulation?

Answer 7

Posterior parietal lobes
Occipital lobe
Cerebellum
Brainstem

Question 8

Posterior circulation arteries

Answer 8

Vertebral 
Basilar
PCA - posterior cerebral artery
Posterior communicating artery
PICA
AICA

Question 9

Characteristic of AVM

Answer 9

No capillary bed between the arterial and venous vessels

Question 10

An AVM can cause what type of bleed?

Answer 10

ICH

SAH

Question 11

How do you treat AVM

Answer 11

Microsurgical resection
Radiosurgery
Endovascular embolization

Question 12

What is a Duran AV fistula?

Answer 12

A direct connection between the meningeal artery and vein

Question 13

What are symptoms of dural AV fistula?

Answer 13

HA
Cranial nerve deficits
Tinnitus
Bruit

Question 14

What is a cavernous angioma?

Answer 14

Series of abnormal capillaries with slow blood flow

Question 15

Are cavernous angiomas genetic?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Symptoms of a cavernous angioma

Answer 16

HA
SZ
Cerebral hemorrhage but many never rupture

Question 17

Treatment of cavernous angioma

Answer 17

Radiology treatment or medical management

Question 18

What are the 4 arteries that supply blood to the brain?

Answer 18

Bilateral carotid

Bilateral vertebral

Question 19

Where do the carotid originate from?

Answer 19

Aortic arch

Question 20

Where do the vertebral arteries originate from?

Answer 20

Subclavian Artery

Question 21

Anatomically the COW serves

Answer 21

As the blood supply connection between the anterior and posterior sections of the brain.
It also serves to provide redundancy primary and collateral circulation for the brain.

Question 22

The MCA supplies blood to what lobes?

Answer 22

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal

Question 23

What areas of the brain are supplied by the MCA

Answer 23

Broca’s area
Wernicke’s area
Basal ganglia
Internal capsule

Question 24

What areas of the brain are supplied by the ACA?

Answer 24

Portions of the frontal and parietal lobes
Small section of the corpus callosum
Olfactory bulb and track

Question 25

How many segments are in MCA, ACA, PCA?

Answer 25

4 3 4

Question 26

What structures are supplied by the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY

Answer 26

``` Occipital lobe Midbrain Thalamus Pineal gland Medial geniculate body Choroid plexus Cerebral peduncle Corpus callosum ```

Question 27

What does the PICA supply blood to

Answer 27

Cerebellum Superior section of the medulla Choroid plexus Fourth ventricle

Question 28

What does the AICA supply

Answer 28

Anterior inferior section of the cerebellum

Question 29

Large vessel occlusions are caused by

Answer 29

Embolic sources

Question 30

Small vessel occlusions are caused by

Answer 30

Atherosclerosis