brainscape_flashcards_personality
(30 cards)
What is personality?
A distinctive combination of behavior, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterize an individual over time.
What are personality traits?
Characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior.
What are key evidences for personality traits?
Consistency, stability, and individual differences.
How does personality psychology differ from social psychology?
Personality: stable traits; Social: variability based on situation.
What is Freud’s theory of personality called?
Psychoanalysis.
What is the id?
The unconscious reservoir of instincts and drives.
What is the ego?
The rational part of personality that mediates between id, superego, and reality.
What is the superego?
The internalized ideals and moral standards.
What characterizes a healthy personality according to Freud?
A balance between id, ego, and superego.
What is an unhealthy personality in Freud’s view?
Dominance of id, superego, or a weak ego.
What are defense mechanisms?
Unconscious strategies the ego uses to reduce anxiety.
What is repression?
Blocking threatening thoughts from consciousness.
What is projection?
Attributing your own unacceptable feelings to others.
What is displacement?
Redirecting emotions to a safer outlet.
What is regression?
Reverting to an earlier developmental stage.
What is denial?
Refusing to acknowledge unpleasant realities.
What is the projective hypothesis?
Ambiguous stimuli reveal unconscious motives.
What are two examples of projective tests?
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and Rorschach Inkblot Test.
What are criticisms of projective tests?
Lack of validity, reliability, and standardization.
What is the Big Five model of personality?
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
What is openness to experience?
Creativity and willingness to try new things.
What is conscientiousness?
Being organized, responsible, and dependable.
What is extraversion?
Outgoing, energetic, and sociable behavior.
What is agreeableness?
Being kind, compassionate, and cooperative.
