brainscape_flashcards_treatment
(29 cards)
What are the goals of treating psychological disorders?
Improve quality of life, disrupt maladaptive patterns, promote growth, and reduce distressing symptoms.
What are the three main approaches to treatment?
Biomedical, Psychological, and Social.
What is biomedical treatment?
Using medications and brain intervention techniques like ECT, TMS, and psychosurgery.
What is psychological treatment?
Therapies like psychoanalysis, humanistic therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).
What is social treatment?
Changing the social environment through group, couples, family therapy, and community outreach.
What is trepanation?
Ancient surgical practice of drilling into the skull to treat mental illness.
What were early 20th-century physical/biological therapies?
Prolonged sleep treatment, insulin coma therapy, ECT, and lobotomy.
What is ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy)?
Inducing brief seizures to treat severe depression and other conditions.
What medication started the drug era?
Chlorpromazine (‘Thorazine’).
What is deinstitutionalization?
Shift from hospitalizing patients to treating them in community settings.
What are the six major classes of psychiatric medications?
Antipsychotics, Antidepressants, Psychostimulants, Mood Stabilizers, Anti-Anxiety Medications, Depressants.
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Involuntary movements caused by long-term antipsychotic use.
What do antidepressants like SSRIs do?
Alter serotonin levels to improve mood.
What is CBT (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy)?
Brief, goal-oriented therapy focusing on changing thoughts and behaviors.
What is exposure therapy?
Reducing fear by gradually exposing clients to feared objects or situations.
What is systematic desensitization?
Exposure therapy combined with relaxation training.
What is rational emotive therapy?
Challenging unrealistic beliefs through rational arguments.
What is humanistic therapy?
Emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and treating clients with empathy and unconditional positive regard.
Who founded client-centered therapy?
Carl Rogers.
What is the therapeutic alliance?
A strong relationship between therapist and client based on genuineness, empathy, and positive regard.
What are primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention?
Primary: prevent disorder. Secondary: target risk groups. Tertiary: treat existing disorders.
How effective is psychotherapy?
Thousands of studies show it works, especially for depression, anxiety, and bulimia (Grade A).
How effective are psychiatric medications?
Effective for some disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, ADHD), weaker for others like depression.
What are psychedelics being studied for?
Depression, PTSD, addiction, end-of-life distress.
