Brainstem and Spinal Cord

Question 1

Function of Brainstem

Answer 1

Monitors all conscious brain output

Question 2

How many CN Nuclei in brainstem?

Answer 2

10 of 12

Question 3

Reticular formation

Answer 3

Integrates sensorimotor function with thoughts, emotions, cognition

Question 4

Reticular Activating System

Answer 4

Controls consciousness and arousal, regulates respiration and swallowing

Question 5

Tectum function

Answer 5

Important for visual and auditory reflexes

Question 6

Tegmentum

Answer 6

Contains many CN nuclei, red nucleus & reticular information

Question 7

Basis pedunculi

Answer 7

Substantia nigra & crus cerebri

Question 8

Medial Lemniscus

Answer 8

Pathway for touch and propriocenption, fine discriminative touch

Question 9

Proprioception

Answer 9

Sense of relative position of neighboring parts of body

Question 10

Fasiculus gracilis and cuneatus

Answer 10

Fine sensory discriminatory information

Question 11

Medulla’s 3 reflex centers

Answer 11

Cardiac center, vasomotor center, respiratory center

Question 12

Cardiac center

Answer 12

rate & strength of heartbeat

Question 13

Vasomotor center

Answer 13

constriction/dilation of blood vessels

Question 14

Respiratory center

Answer 14

Rhythm & rate of breathing

Question 15

Cerebellum Function

Answer 15

Does not initiate motor activity, maintains equilibrium and coordinates motor actiivity

Question 16

Layers of Cerebellum

Answer 16

Molecular, Purkinje, and granular layers

Question 17

Primary role of cerebellum

Answer 17

maintain proper posture and balance, guides repetitive movements

Question 18

Damage to cerebellum

Answer 18

Lack of coordination of agonistic and antagonistic muscles

Question 19

Intention tremors

Answer 19

tremor occuring during movement

Question 20

Dysmetria

Answer 20

overestimation or underestimation of force

Question 21

Dysdiadokinesia

Answer 21

Inability to perform rapid alternating movements

Question 22

Ataxic dysarthria

Answer 22

Speech rate slower than normal with unsteady rhythm

Question 23

Cerebellar Peduncles

Answer 23

Superior, middle, and inferior

Question 24

Afferent input from motor cortex into which peduncle?

Answer 24

Middle

Question 25

Proprioceptive afferent information from trunks and limbs enter through which peduncle?

Answer 25

Inferior

Question 26

Output of corrective feedback information to motor cortex through which peduncle?

Answer 26

Superior

Question 27

Spinal Cord

Answer 27

Bidirectional transmission for conscious and voluntary control

Question 28

Dorsal Horns of SC

Answer 28

Received sensory information

Question 29

Ventral horns of SC

Answer 29

Control skeletal and visceral muscles and glands

Question 30

Dorsal Root Ganglion

Answer 30

Formed by cell bodies of dorsal root fibers

Question 31

Areas covered by dorsal roots

Answer 31

Dermatomes

Question 32

Areas covered by ventral roots

Answer 32

Myotomes

Question 33

31 Segments of Spinal cord

Answer 33

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

Question 34

Spinal Cord relevance to speech production?

Answer 34

Innervations of muscles controlling respiration for speech

Question 35

Corpora quadragemina

Answer 35

Four round elevations, superior and inferior colliculli, visual and auditory reflexes