BREAST I Flashcards
(14 cards)
DISORDERS OF DEVELOPMENT
supernumery nipples/breasts result from the persistence of epidermal thickenings along the milk line, which extends from the axilla to the perineum
milk line remnants
DISORDERS OF DEVELOPMENT
in some women the normal ductal system extends into the subcutaneous tissue of the chest wall or the axillary fossa (the axillary tail of spence)
accessory axillary breast tissue
DISORDERS OF DEVELOPMENT
The failure of the nipple to evert during development in common and maybe unilateral
congenital nipple inversion
CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS OF THE BREAST DISEASE
the most common breast signs and symptoms reported by women are ____,______,_____, ______, or a ______
P/I/N/L/P
pain
inflammatory changes
nipple discharge
lumpiness
palpable mass
CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS OF BREAST DISEASE
__________ can arise from proliferations of stromal cells or epithelial cells and are generally detected when ______cm in size
palpable masses
CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS OF BREAST DISEASE
________ was introduced in the 1980s in an effort to detect nonpalpable asymptomatic breast carcinoms before metastatic spread and is currently the most commonly used screening test for breast cancer
mammography
CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS OF BREAST DISEASE
_____. Breast lesions that replace adipose tissues with radiodense tissue form mammographic densities
_____. calcifications form on secretions, necrotic debris, or hyalinized stroma and are often associated with benign lesions such as apocrine cysts
densities
calcifications
INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
Acute bacterial mastitis typically occurs during the _____ month of breastfeeding and is caused by a local infection when the breast is most vulnerable due to cracks and fissures to the nipples
from this portal of entry, _______- or less commonly _____ invade the breast tissue
1 month
staph. aureus
streptococci
INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
________ is known by a variety of names includding recurrent subareolar abscess, periductal mastitis, and Zuska disease
the key feature is ____ which extends into the nipple duct well past the usual point of transition from squamous to glandular epithelium
suqamous metaplasia of lactiferous ducts
INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
_________- may be a manifestation of systemic granulomatous diseases (e.g tuberculosis), or of inflammatory or infectious disorders that are localized to the breast
___________ is an uncommon disease that occurs only in parous women
a similar histologic pattern is seen in ___________ which is often caused by lipophilic corynebacteria
granulomatous inflammation of the breast
granulomatous lobular mastitis
cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis
BENIGN EPITHELIAL LESIONS
NON-PROLIFERATIVE BREAST CHANGES (Fibrocystic Changes)
MORPHOLOGY
____. small cysts form by the dilation of lobules and in turn may coalesce to form larger cysts
____. cysts frequently rupture, releasing secretory material into the adjacent stroma
____. is defined as an increase in the number of acini per lobule
__________ present as palpable masses in pregnant or lactating women and regress after cessation of breastfeeding
_________ is a clonal process characterized by the presence of dilated acini and cysts lined by epithelial cells that display mild cytologic atypia
cysts
fibrosis
adenosis
lactational adenomas
flat epithelial atypia
BENIGN EPITHELIAL LESIONS
PROLIFERATIVE BREAST DISEASE WITH ATYPIA
lesions characterized by proliferation of _________, are associated with a small increase in the risk of subsequent carcinoma of the breast
MORPHOLOGY
__________; normal breast ducts and lobules are lined by a double layer of myoepithelial cells and luminal cells
_________; there are an increased number of acini that are compressed and distorted in the central portion of the lesion
_________; these lesions have components of sclerosing adenosis and epithelial hyperplasia
_________; grow within a dilated duct and are composed of multiple branching fibrovascular cores
epithelial cells
epithelial hyperplasia
sclerosing adenosis
complex sclerosing lesion
papilloma
BENIGN EPITHELIAL LESIONS
______ is an the only benign lesion seen with any frequency in the male breast
gynecomastia
BENIGN EPITHELIAL LESIONS
PROLIFERATIVE BREAST DISEASE WITH ATYPIA
_____________ us a clonal proliferation having some but not all of the histologic features of carcinoma in sity
MORPHOLOGY
_______- is recognized by its histologic resemblance to DCIS
_______ consists of cells identical to those of lobular carcinoma in situ
atypical hyperplasia
atypical ductal hyperplasia
atypical lobular hyperplasia
