Breathing and Exchange of Gases Flashcards
Respiration through skin
Cutaneous respiration
Pleura
Lungs are covered by double layered pleural membrane.
Outer pleural membrane- Thoracic lining
Inner pleural membrane- lung surface
Pleural Fluid
Reduces friction on lung surface.
Conducting part of respiratory system
External nostrils till terminal bronchioles.
It transports atmospheric air to alveoli, humidifies it and clears all foreign particles.
Respiratory/Exchange part of respiratory system
Alveoli and its ducts
Actual gas exchange takes place here.
Position of Lungs
Dorsally by vertebral column
Ventrally by sternum
Laterally by ribs
Lower side by diaphragm
Tidal Volume
- Volume that can be inspired or expired during normal respiration.
- 500 ml
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
- Additional volume of air one can inspire by a forcible inspiration.
- 2500 to 3000 ml.
Expiratory Reserve Volume
- Additional volume of air one can expire by a forcible expiration.
- 1000 to 1100 ml.
Residual Volume
- Volume of air that remains in lungs even after forcible expiration.
- 1100 to 1200 ml.
Inspiratory Capacity
It is the total volume of air that can be inspired after a normal expiration.
This includes TV + IRV
Expiratory Capacity
It is the total volume of air that can be expired after a normal inspiration.
This includes TV + ERV
Functional Volume Capacity
It is the volume of air that remains in your lungs after a normal expiration.
This includes RV + ERV
Vital Capacity
It is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired after a forcible expiration or the volume of air that can be expired after a forcible inspiration.
It includes ERV + TV + IRV
Total Lung Capacity
It is the total volume of air that can be accommodated in your lungs at the end of a forcible inspiration.
