Breathing and Respiration Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is breathing?
The process in which air moves in and out of the lungs (inhalation and exhalation).
What is inhalation?
Breathing in air, which brings oxygen into the lungs.
What is exhalation?
Breathing out air, which removes carbon dioxide from the lungs.
What is respiration?
A chemical reaction in cells (in the mitochondria) that uses oxygen and glucose to produce energy.
What is cellular respiration?
Respiration that happens in mitochondria, releasing energy (ATP) from glucose and oxygen.
What are the products of respiration?
Carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP).
What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy (ATP) (Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy)
What is gas exchange?
The movement of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood in the alveoli of the lungs.
What is the difference between breathing and respiration?
Breathing is a physical process; respiration is a chemical process in cells.
What does inhaled air contain?
More oxygen and less carbon dioxide.
What does exhaled air contain?
Less oxygen and more carbon dioxide.
Why do we need respiration?
To provide energy for movement, growth, repair, and other body functions. It also helps maintain body temperature in warm-blooded animals.
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration that uses oxygen to release energy from glucose.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration that happens without oxygen, producing less energy and lactic acid.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration (in animals)?
Glucose → Lactic Acid + Energy
What happens to lactic acid after exercise?
It is broken down using oxygen into carbon dioxide and water during recovery.
What is the word equation for lactic acid breakdown?
Lactic Acid + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
What does lactic acid do in muscles?
It sticks and soaks into muscles, causing soreness, fatigue, and cramps.
Where does gas exchange happen?
In the alveoli (tiny air sacs) of the lungs.
How does oxygen travel during gas exchange?
Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood, then travels to cells for respiration.
How does carbon dioxide leave the body?
It diffuses from cells into the blood, then into alveoli, and is exhaled.
What is asthma?
A chronic condition where the airways become narrow and inflamed, making breathing difficult. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.
What triggers asthma?
Dust, pollen, cold air, and exercise.
What is acute bronchitis?
A short-term infection causing inflammation of the bronchial tubes, leading to coughing with mucus, chest discomfort, and mild fever.
