Nutrition Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is a diet?
The typical food and drink consumed by an individual.
What is a balanced diet?
A diet in which all the components needed to maintain health are present in the appropriate proportions.
What are nutrients?
Substances the body needs to regulate body functions, repair body tissues, promote growth and obtain energy.
What are macronutrients?
Molecular compounds which provide energy and must be digested to be utilized by the body.
What are the types of macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, protein, and lipids.
What is malnutrition?
The improper nourishing of the body, where an organism receives too much or too little of a particular nutrient.
What are carbohydrates?
The primary source of energy; includes simple sugars like glucose and complex sugars like starch.
What are lipids?
Functions as insulation for the body; is the secondary source of energy.
What is protein used for?
Cell growth and repair; is the last source of energy.
What is the role of water in the body?
Essential for all life processes; carries waste products out of the body and helps digest food.
What are micronutrients?
Simple molecules/substances needed in small amounts to maintain health.
What are vitamins?
Assist with chemical reactions in the body; can be fat or water soluble.
What are fat-soluble vitamins?
Vitamins that dissolve in fats and oils and can be stored in the body.
What are water-soluble vitamins?
Vitamins that dissolve in water and cannot be stored in the body.
What is Vitamin A?
Promotes healthy skin and eyes; found in oranges, carrots, milk, spinach, meat.
What is Vitamin D?
Builds strong bones and teeth, helps the body use calcium and phosphorus; found in sunlight, eggs, milk, fish.
What is Vitamin E?
Protects cells from damage; found in oils, fats, eggs, wholegrains, spinach, liver.
What is Vitamin K?
Helps blood to clot; found in spinach, kale, tomatoes, potatoes.
What is Vitamin C?
Helps the body absorb iron and strengthens immune systems; found in citrus fruits, spinach, broccoli, cabbage.
What is Vitamin B?
Helps the body use carbohydrates and supports blood, nerves, and heart function; found in whole grains, legumes, meats, seafood.
What is Rickets?
Calcium/Vitamin D deficiency.
What is Osteoporosis?
Calcium deficiency.
What is Night Blindness?
Vitamin A deficiency.
What is Muscle/Nerve Damage/Weakness?
Vitamin E deficiency.
