Breathing N Exchange Part 1

Question 1

Mechanism of breathing vary among organisms depending on

Answer 1

Habitats n level of organisation

Question 2

A: lower invertebrates like sponges coelentrates flatforms exchange gases via?

Answer 2

Diffusion over entire body surface

Question 3

Earthworm breathing consitutes of

Answer 3

Moist cuticle

Question 4

Insect respiration is by

Answer 4

Tracheal tubes

Question 5

Gills are vascularised structures which help in ________ respiration

Answer 5

Branchial respiration

Question 6

Branchial respiration is used by

Answer 6

Aquatic arthropods and molluscs

Question 7

Lungs are vascularised: t or f

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Amphians mammals reptiles and birds respire via

Answer 8

Lungs

Question 9

External nostrils leads to

Answer 9

Nasal chamber via nasal passage

Question 10

Pharynx—–>. ——-> trachea

Answer 10

Larynx

Question 12

Opening of pharynx is called n covered by

Answer 12

Glottis , epiglottis

Question 13

Tracheal is a straight tube extension till_________and divides at ________ to form bronchi

Answer 13

Mid thoracic cavity , 5th thoracic vertebrae

Question 14

Bronchi forms

Answer 14

2,3 bronchi and bronchioles

Question 15

Tracheae ,primary secondary Nd tertiary bronchi and initial bronchioles are supported via

Answer 15

Incomplete cartilaginous rings

Question 17

Thin irregular walled vascularised bag like structures are called

Answer 17

Alveoli

Question 18

The branching of bronchi bronchioles and alveoli constitute the lung : T or F

Answer 18

True

Question 19

The outer pleural membrane is in contact with ________ and inner pleural layer is in contact with

Answer 19

Thoracic cavity , lung

Question 20

External nostrils to terminal bronchioles consitutes

Answer 20

Conducting part

Question 21

Alveoli and ducts form

Answer 21

Respiratory or exchange part

Question 22

Features of conducting part ?

Answer 22

1. Transport of air
2. Clears foreign particles
3. Humidified air
4. Air to body temp management

Question 23

Lungs are situated in what chamber

Answer 23

Thoracic cavity , air tight chamber

Question 24

Thoracic cavity is surrounded dorsally by ____ ventrally by _____ laterally by ______ lower side by

Answer 24

1. Vertebral column
2. Sternum
3. Ribs
4. Dome shaped diaphragm

Question 25

Breathing is also called

Answer 25

Pulmonary ventilation

Question 26

4 steps of respiration are

Answer 26

1. Breathing 2. Diffusion across alveoli 3. Transport of gases via blood 4. Diffusion between cells n tissues 5. Utilisation of oxygen for catabolic reactions and release of co2

Question 27

Breathing involves two stages

Answer 27

Inspiration and expiration

Question 28

Movement of air in and out is carried by

Answer 28

Pressure gradient between lungs and atmosphere

Question 29

Inspiration occurs when gradient is

Answer 29

Lungs is at low pressure wrt to atmosphere , negative pressure

Question 30

Expiration occurs when

Answer 30

Lungs is at high P that atm

Question 32

For gradients what muscles are used

Answer 32

1. Diaphragm 2. External intercostal muscles N internal

Question 33

Inspiration is initiated by

Answer 33

1. Diaphragm contracts n V increases antero posterior way 2. External intercostal muscles pull the ribs up and increases in dorsp ventral axis

Question 34

Increase in pulmonary volume causes increase in intra pulmonary pressure : true or false

Answer 34

False (intra decreases)

Question 35

Relaxation of diaphragm and intercostaluscles causes

Answer 35

Decrease in thoracic volume

Question 37

We can increase the strength of our muscle contraction by

Answer 37

Abdominal muscles

Question 38

A healthy human beings breathes

Answer 38

12 to 16 times

Question 39

Volume of air can be estimated via

Answer 39

Spirometer ( pulmonary functions)