Bridging Flashcards
What are the three main groups of biological molecules
carbohydrates - sugar, starch, cellulose
lipids - fats, oils, phospholipids
proteins - enzymes, transfat
Monomer that makes up protein
amino Acid
3 major roles of biological molecules in organisms
energy storage
growth
reproduction
digestion
detoxyfication
adding or removing hydrogen atoms
respiration and photosynthesis
3 proteins in the body
Hemoglobin - in red blood cells, transports oxygen in the body.
Insulin - regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake by cells.
Collagen - support to skin, bones
Myosin - muscle protein, muscle contraction.
Enzymes (eg. amylase) - catalysts for reactions
Why do cells have membranes
protection, structure, control the movement of substances in and out
What is a cell membrane made from
phospholipid molecules (lipid bilayer)
proteins (integral and peripheral)
cholesterol molecules
carbohydrates (glycoproteins and glycolipids)
What units make up strands of DNA
Nucleotides
DNA pairing rules
adenine
thymine
guanine
cytosine
How is RNA different from DNA
singular helix
RNA has sugar ribose
DNA has sugar deoxyribose
What is deoxyribose
in DNA
structural support and maintain the integrity of the genetic information in DNA
What is ribose
in RNA
structural support and maintain the integrity of the genetic information in DNA
Which mineral in meat that makes haemoglobin
Iron
Metabolic pathway
chain of biochemical reactions
What ions denature enzymes in acidic and alkali pH
H+ and OH-
What are fats broken down into and by which enzyme
Lipase breaks down fats into three fatty acids and glycerol
