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Brief History of Nurse Anesthesia Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What year marked the first public demonstration of anesthesia?

A

1846

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2
Q

What substances revolutionized surgical procedures in early anesthesia?

A

Ether and chloroform

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3
Q

Since which century have nurses played a role in anesthesia?

A

19th century

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4
Q

What are the significant advancements in modern anesthesia practice?

A
  • Techniques
  • Drugs
  • Safety protocols
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5
Q

What role do nurse anesthetists often take in healthcare teams?

A

Leadership roles

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6
Q

Who was a pivotal nurse anesthetist during the Civil War?

A

Catherine S. Lawrence

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7
Q

What organization was established in 1931 to recognize nurse anesthetists?

A

American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA)

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8
Q

Who is known as the ‘Mother of Anesthesia’?

A

Alice Magaw

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9
Q

What did Agatha Hodgins found?

A

National Association of Nurse Anesthetists (NANA)

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10
Q

What significant event is Goldie Brangman remembered for?

A

Saving Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s life

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11
Q

What was Helen Lamb’s contribution to nurse anesthesia?

A

Developing educational standards and curricula

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12
Q

Who was Virginia Clinton Kelley?

A

A nurse anesthetist and mother of former U.S. President Bill Clinton

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13
Q

What did Ida V. Moffett contribute to the nurse anesthesia profession?

A

Development of the profession in the southeastern United States

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14
Q

What was Ira P. Gunn’s role in nurse anesthesia education?

A

Advancing educational standards and programs

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15
Q

What is the critical temperature of nitrous oxide?

A

36.5°C

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the ‘E-cylinder’ in oxygen supply?

A

Emergency supply of oxygen

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17
Q

What color is the oxygen tank in the USA?

A

Green

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18
Q

What is the approximate pressure of a full E size oxygen cylinder?

A

2000 psi

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19
Q

What type of gas is commonly used in laparoscopic surgeries for insufflation?

A

Carbon dioxide

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20
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Diameter Index Safety System (DISS)?

A

Preventing misconnections in gas delivery

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21
Q

What is the typical pressure range for the high-pressure system in anesthesia machines?

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A

2000 to 2200 psi

22
Q

Fill in the blank: The pressure in the intermediate pressure system is typically around ___ psi.

23
Q

What does the vacuum system in hospitals prevent?

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A

Contamination

24
Q

True or False: Nitrous oxide pressure gauges indicate the amount of gas remaining.

25
What is the primary medical gas used in operating rooms?
* Oxygen * Nitrous oxide * Air
26
What is the composition of medical-grade air?
Blend of oxygen and nitrogen
27
What safety feature is present in oxygen E-cylinders?
Wood’s metal plug
28
What is the purpose of color coding in medical gas systems?
Easy identification of gases
29
What happens to the pressure in nitrous oxide cylinders as the liquid is used?
Pressure remains constant until the liquid is exhausted
30
What is the function of the flowmeter valves in the intermediate pressure system?
Regulating gas flow
31
What is the critical temperature of air?
-140.6°C
32
What is the main purpose of pneumatic ventilation in anesthesia?
Driving the ventilator
33
Fill in the blank: The pressure in oxygen cylinders falls proportionally to _______.
Content
34
What is the purpose of the Intermediate Pressure system in anesthesia machines?
It receives gas from the high-pressure system or the hospital pipeline system.
35
What components are included in the Intermediate Pressure system?
* Pipeline pressures * Oxygen pressure failure devices * Flowmeter valves
36
What is the typical pressure range for the Intermediate Pressure system?
Around ___ psi for gases from the pipeline and ___ psi for gases from the high-pressure system.
37
What is the function of the Intermediate Pressure system?
It ensures a constant and safe pressure for gas delivery to the next stage of the machine.
38
What is the purpose of the Low Pressure system in anesthesia machines?
It controls the delivery of gas mixtures to the patient.
39
What components comprise the Low Pressure system?
* Flowmeters * Additional monitoring equipment * Safety devices
40
What is the typical pressure range for the Low Pressure system?
Between ___-___ psi, close to atmospheric pressure.
41
What is the primary function of the Low Pressure system?
It accurately delivers and regulates the anesthetic agent to the patient.
42
What is the High Pressure Leak Test designed to ensure?
The integrity and safety of the high-pressure components of the anesthesia machine.
43
What must be done to prepare for a High Pressure Leak Test?
* Turn off the anesthesia machine * Close all flow control valves * Remove the breathing circuit
44
What is the typical pressure level for a full oxygen cylinder in the High Pressure Leak Test?
Around 2000 to 2200 psi.
45
What indicates a leak during the High Pressure Leak Test?
A drop in pressure on the gauge after closing the cylinder valve.
46
Where are common areas to check for leaks in the High Pressure system?
* Cylinder valve * Connection between cylinder and yoke * High-pressure hoses * Regulators
47
What is the purpose of performing a Low Pressure Leak Test?
To ensure the integrity and safety of the anesthesia delivery system.
48
What components are checked during a Low Pressure Leak Test?
* Vaporizers * Flowmeters * Common gas outlet * O-ring seals * Breathing circuit connections * CO2 absorber canister * Ventilator bellows and hoses * Pressure relief devices * Check valves
49
What is the first step in the Low Pressure Leak Test procedure?
Ensure the machine is connected to the appropriate gas supply.
50
How is the system pressurized during the Low Pressure Leak Test?
By squeezing the reservoir bag or using the oxygen flush until about 30 cm H2O pressure is achieved.
51
What does a drop in pressure during the Low Pressure Leak Test indicate?
A leak in the system.
52
What should be done if a leak is detected during the Low Pressure Leak Test?
* Check each component systematically * Repair or replace faulty components * Repeat the leak test

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