Britain- Migration, Empires and the People c790-Present Day: Sugar and the Caribbean

Question 1

Who was the first Tudor King?

Answer 1

Henry VII

Question 2

In ____, Henry ___ asked John _____ to explore further into the ‘unknown’ world.

Answer 2

1. 1496
2. VII
3. Cabot

Question 3

How did Tudor and Stewart monarchs lay the foundations for an overseas Empire?

Answer 3

By encouraging more trade and exploration into new land.

Question 4

What did improvements in technology for ships and navigation mean in the late 1400s?

Answer 4

Longer journeys were possible and more ships returned from these journeys.

Question 5

Who was Christopher Columbus?

Answer 5

An Italian explorer and navigator who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 6

Where did Christopher Columbus hope to find new routes to by sea?

Answer 6

To China and India

Question 7

When did Christopher Columbus discover the Americas on board his ship Santa Maria?

Answer 7

1492

Question 8

In which direction did Christopher Columbus sail across the Atlantic? What did this mean?

Answer 8

West, meaning he landed in the West Indies.

Question 9

Who marked the start of the British Empire?

Answer 9

John Cabot, an Italian navigator and explorer who sailed from Bristol on behalf of Henry VII in 1497.

Question 10

What was granted by Henry VII that John Cabot was under?

Answer 10

A patent- liscence

Question 11

Nam 2 areas John Cabot discovered in North America during 1497 and 1498?

Answer 11

Newfoundland and Cape Breton Island

Question 12

True or false: John Cabot discovered copious amounts of treasure and failed to return home

Answer 12

False- he found nothing and returned home.

Question 13

What did the British establish on the North American east coast despite their failure to find gold/ create colonies?

Answer 13

Bases

Question 14

What did these bases established on the North American east coast allow?

Answer 14

The British to explore further and plunder which is from Spanish and colonies.

Question 15

What was a privateer?

Answer 15

Those commissioned the monarchs that legally exerted the right to pillage.

Question 16

When were the sailors known as pirates rather than privaters?

Answer 16

If they didn’t share the stolen wealth with the monarch.

Question 17

Who was John Hawkins?

Answer 17

A respected English naval commander and privateer who was responsible for building up the Elizabethan Royal Navy.

Question 18

What other well-known explorer and enslaved trader was John Hawkins cousins with?

Answer 18

Francis Drake

Question 19

Who was the first British slave trader?

Answer 19

John Hawkins

Question 20

When did Hawkins set sail on his first slave trading voyage?

Answer 20

1562

Question 21

Who partly funded the second slave trading voyage in 1564?

Answer 21

Queen Elizabeth I

Question 22

When was Hawkins knighted by Elizabeth I?

Answer 22

1588

Question 23

When were more Britons willing to go to the Americas?

Answer 23

After the first successful colony was established in 1607.

Question 24

What were plantations?

Answer 24

Large farms that specialised in growing usually just one ‘cash crop’.

Question 25

How did Britain benefit from ‘cash crops’?

Answer 25

The crops were exported back to Britain for a great profit.

Question 26

Why would some groups (such as Puritans and Catholics) want to go to the Americas?

Answer 26

They wanted to escape religious persecution in Britain.

Question 27

Why were British investors came to develop trade in the Americas?

Answer 27

It would help pay for the growth of the British Empire elsewhere.

Question 28

Why did British monarchs stop granting privateer permissions?

Answer 28

The Empire grew North America and India, becoming increasingly profitable.
. Plantations made larger profit

Question 29

Around what year was piracy in the Americas?

Answer 29

The 1720s

Question 30

Name 4 issues that settlers from Britain found with working on plantations.

Answer 30

1. Hard conditions
2. New diseases
3. Hot weather
4. crop failures and food shortages

Question 31

Indentured servants would ___ for their passage to a new country by signing a ______ stating that they would work for a certain number of _____ for their master.

Answer 31

1. pay
2. contract
3. years

Question 32

By 1619, what did plantation owners realize they could make more money from?

Answer 32

Enslaving people

Question 33

When did the British take control of Barbados?

Answer 33

1625

Question 34

By ___ Barbados was the largest British colony of enslaved people and by the 1690s most of the island was covered in _____ and _______ plantations.

Answer 34

1. 1655
2. sugar
3. tabacco