BROA 303 | QUESTIONNAIRES Flashcards by Jeffrey Dacuyan

What is the primary role of a film critic?
a) To review a film based only on personal preference
b) To pose questions, explain, and provide informed judgments on the film
c) To summarize the plot of the film for the audience
d) To support and promote the film industry

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Which of the following is NOT a core element of film criticism?
a) Mode of inquiry
b) Procedure of explanation
c) Proposition of judgment
d) Creating a marketing strategy for the film

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According to Patrick Flores, what is the common issue with the film education system in the Philippines?
a) It focuses too much on international film theories
b) It does not teach practical filmmaking techniques
c) It is too focused on commercial cinema
d) It does not cultivate a deep critical understanding of films

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What does the term lumpen refer to in Lino Brocka’s discourse?
a) The elite class in society
b) The disenfranchised and marginalized people
c) Film critics and intellectuals
d) The wealthy businessmen who fund films

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In Brocka’s films, which of the following is emphasized as a way to address societal injustices?
a) Legal reforms
b) Revolutionary action on the streets
c) Educational improvements
d) Government intervention

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Which of the following is a key critique of Filipino film criticism according to Patrick Flores?
a) It is too local and does not consider international perspectives
b) It is dominated by the views of a few established critics
c) It fails to engage with local social and political realities
d) It focuses too much on film techniques and not enough on narrative

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What role does film criticism play in society, according to Patrick Flores and Lino Brocka?
a) It reinforces existing power structures
b) It helps the audience appreciate films on a purely aesthetic level
c) It challenges societal norms and inspires collective action
d) It is a form of entertainment for critics and readers

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What does the concept “criticism is always informed by strategic positionality and self-reflexive perspective” imply?
a) Critics should remain neutral and avoid taking sides
b) Critics must acknowledge their own perspective and positionality in interpreting a film
c) Criticism should only be about providing answers, not asking questions
d) Critics must focus on technical analysis rather than social context

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Which of the following statements best reflects the role of criticism in a post-colonial society like the Philippines?
a) Criticism should avoid engaging with political issues
b) Criticism should only focus on the aesthetic quality of the films
c) Criticism is a political tool to challenge oppressive power structures and ideologies
d) Criticism should always support the established order

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What is the core function of film criticism in relation to the masses, as suggested by Patrick Flores?
a) To reinforce popular, commercial cinema
b) To provide a platform for established filmmakers only
c) To empower the masses, raise awareness, and mobilize for social change
d) To uphold traditional forms of storytelling without questioning them

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Film criticism is a purely academic practice that does not have a direct impact on society.
True
False

FALSE

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Lino Brocka’s films often portray the marginalized as heroic figures who resist societal oppression.
True
False

TRUE

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The role of the film critic is to provide definitive answers and close off further discussion.
True
False

FALSE

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According to Patrick Flores, Filipino film criticism should rely heavily on foreign theories and frameworks to ensure international relevance.
True
False

FALSE

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Film criticism, as described in the readings, can be seen as a form of ideological resistance to dominant power structures.
True
False

TRUE

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In Marxist philosophy, who constitutes the ruling class in society?
a) The working class
b) The bourgeoisie (owners of the means of production)
c) The intellectuals
d) The proletariat

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What is the primary role of ruling ideas according to Marx and Engels?
a) To reflect the true nature of society
b) To promote and protect the interests of the ruling class
c) To challenge the status quo
d) To be purely academic and neutral

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According to Marx and Engels, ideas are not independent but are shaped by what?
a) The intellectual class
b) The ruling class and their material conditions
c) Religious institutions
d) The proletariat’s resistance movements

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What is the term used by Gramsci to describe the lower, disenfranchised classes in society?
a) Bourgeoisie
b) Proletariat
c) Lumpenproletariat
d) Subaltern

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Gramsci argues that the supremacy of a social group manifests itself in two ways: domination and what?
a) Militarization
b) Intellectual and moral leadership
c) Economic exploitation
d) Religious control

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According to Gramsci, if the ruling class maintains power, how might its influence expand?
a) Through military force
b) Through cultural products such as media
c) Through education systems only
d) Through legal systems only

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Which of the following is NOT an example of an Ideological State Apparatus (ISA)?
a) Police
b) Schools
c) Media
d) Religious institutions

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What is the key difference between Repressive State Apparatuses (RSA) and Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA)?
a) ISAs use force to control people, while RSAs focus on shaping ideas
b) RSAs belong to the private domain, while ISAs belong to the public domain
c) RSAs use force (violence), while ISAs work through ideas and beliefs
d) There is no difference; both function in the same way

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How does interpellation work in the context of ideology according to Althusser?
a) It forces people to conform to the dominant ideology through violence
b) It categorizes people and assigns them roles, shaping their identity
c) It teaches people to resist oppressive ideologies
d) It focuses on creating awareness among subaltern classes

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What is the role of media in the ideological state apparatus (ISA) according to Althusser? a) It operates solely through force to control the public b) It serves as a key platform for promoting the ruling class’s ideology c) It operates as a neutral space for public discourse d) It is separate from the state apparatus and has no ideological function

According to Marx and Engels, the ruling ideas in society reflect the interests of the proletariat. True False

FALSE

Gramsci believed that the subaltern classes should be given an opportunity to rule and challenge the dominance of the ruling class. True False

TRUE

Althusser argues that institutions like the media and schools are part of the Repressive State Apparatus (RSA), which controls people through violence. True False

FALSE

Ideology, according to Althusser, is not just a set of beliefs, but also involves actions within institutions that form subjects and maintain social relationships. True False

TRUE

The media, when controlled by the ruling class, can expand hegemonic ideas, leading to cultural domination and repression. True False

TRUE

Identify the term used by Gramsci to describe the intellectual and moral leadership that a ruling class exercises to maintain power, as opposed to sheer force or coercion.

HEGEMONY

Identify the term used by Althusser to refer to institutions such as schools, media, and religious organizations, which shape individuals’ beliefs, values, and identities.

IDEOLOGICAL STATE APPARATUS (ISAs)

What is the term used by Marx and Engels to describe the class that owns the means of production and holds political and cultural power in society?

BOURGEOISEI

Identify the concept introduced by Marx and Engels to explain how the ruling class not only controls material production but also dominates the realm of ideas.

RULING IDEAS

What is the term used by Gramsci to describe marginalized or oppressed classes that are unable to unite and challenge the ruling class until they gain control of the state?

SUBALTERN

What is the main focus of Horkheimer and Adorno’s concept of the Culture Industry? a) The democratization of art through mass media b) The commercialization and mass production of cultural goods under capitalism c) The development of high art and intellectual thought d) The preservation of traditional cultural practices

According to Horkheimer and Adorno, how does the Culture Industry function as an instrument of oppression? a) It promotes artistic freedom b) It diverts attention from real societal issues and limits critical thinking c) It encourages individual expression d) It allows the subaltern classes to express their culture

What is the consequence of the standardization in the Culture Industry, according to Horkheimer and Adorno? a) It increases the diversity of cultural content b) It results in the production of similar cultural products that are predictable and formulaic c) It makes cultural products more valuable d) It encourages innovation and creativity

What is the term used by Walter Benjamin to describe the loss of the unique presence or ‘aura’ of a work of art due to mechanical reproduction? a) Cult value b) Exhibition value c) Mass appeal d) Aura loss

According to Walter Benjamin, how does mechanical reproduction of art impact its value? a) It enhances its cultural and social significance b) It makes art more exclusive and prestigious c) It decreases the 'aura' or authenticity of the art, making it more accessible but less unique d) It has no impact on the value of art

What does the Culture Industry do to artistic value, according to Horkheimer and Adorno? a) It enhances the artistic value of cultural products b) It blends art with advertising, reducing the artistic value c) It makes art more valuable by making it accessible d) It promotes high art over popular culture

Which of the following best explains the concept of Fractalization as discussed by Horkheimer and Adorno? a) The production of media from multiple, diverse perspectives and angles b) The monopolization of media by a single producer c) The destruction of cultural products d) The imitation of art forms across different cultures

According to Walter Benjamin, what is the Exhibition Value of art? a) The religious or ritualistic importance of a work b) The importance of displaying art for public consumption c) The artistic process of creating unique works d) The investment value of a work of art

What is one of the key consequences of the Culture Industry, according to Horkheimer and Adorno? a) It promotes revolutionary thinking b) It prevents critical thinking and imagination among the masses c) It creates a more egalitarian society d) It allows for the empowerment of subaltern classes

What did Benjamin identify as the main effect of mechanical reproduction on traditional art forms like theater and painting? a) It enhances the original experience of art b) It destroys the art’s ‘aura’ or unique, authentic presence c) It makes art less accessible d) It encourages artists to embrace the ‘cult value’

The Culture Industry, according to Horkheimer and Adorno, leads to cultural products that are unique and diverse. True False

FALSE

According to Walter Benjamin, the Exhibition Value of a work of art refers to its importance in rituals or traditions. True False

FALSE

Horkheimer and Adorno argue that mass-produced cultural goods serve to challenge dominant ideologies and promote critical thinking. True False

FALSE

Benjamin’s concept of the ‘aura’ suggests that traditional works of art have a unique presence that is lost when they are reproduced mechanically. True False

TRUE

The Culture Industry sees mass media as a tool for the capitalist class to manipulate the masses and limit their ability to think critically. True False

TRUE

Identify the concept used by Horkheimer and Adorno to describe the mass production and commercialization of cultural goods under capitalism.

CULTURE INDUSTRY

What term does Walter Benjamin use to refer to the unique, authentic presence of a work of art, which is diminished through mechanical reproduction?

AURA

Which two philosophers are known for co-authoring the essay The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception?

Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno

What term is used by Horkheimer and Adorno to describe the repetitive and formulaic nature of cultural products produced by the media?

Standardization

What is the concept introduced by Walter Benjamin that distinguishes the cultural value of an artwork when it is used in rituals and traditions versus its value when displayed to the public?

Cult Value and Exhibition Value

What is the primary focus of Noam Chomsky’s Propaganda Model? a) The role of the state in controlling media b) How media shapes public perception and promotes elite interests c) The democratization of media and freedom of expression d) The rise of independent media outlets in the digital age

According to the Propaganda Model, which of the following is a key filter that affects the content presented by the media? a) The political bias of journalists b) The ownership and profit orientation of mass media corporations c) The educational background of the audience d) The transparency of media operations

What does the term flak refer to in Chomsky and Herman’s Propaganda Model? a) Government funding for media outlets b) Negative feedback or criticism against media content from elites or powerful groups c) The rise of independent media d) The promotion of social justice issues by media outlets

How does Netflix avoid direct reliance on advertisers, according to the Propaganda Model? a) By using subscription-based revenue models b) By refusing to produce popular content c) By promoting political activism through its content d) By partnering with independent production companies

Which of the following is NOT one of the five filters in the Propaganda Model? a) Ownership of media corporations b) The content produced by alternative media outlets c) The reliance on advertising revenue d) The response to criticism or flak

In the context of Netflix, what does vertical integration refer to? a) The control Netflix has over both the production and distribution of its content b) The diversity of content produced by Netflix c) Netflix’s partnerships with local, independent filmmakers d) The focus on independent, non-commercial content

According to Chomsky and Herman, the media elite are primarily driven by: a) Political ideology and social justice b) The need to maintain control over public opinion and market interests c) Promoting democracy and free speech d) The demands of grassroots movements and public advocacy

What is the common enemy identified in the Propaganda Model when analyzing media narratives? a) Conservative political ideologies b) Liberal, progressive, and anti-establishment groups c) Corporate interests and multinational conglomerates d) Independent media outlets that challenge the status quo

How does Netflix’s approach to content acquisition impact its influence on global cultural narratives, according to the Propaganda Model? a) By promoting diverse and radical ideas that challenge capitalism b) By focusing on mainstream, profitable content that aligns with capitalist ideologies c) By offering content that critiques corporate power d) By showcasing content produced by subaltern or marginalized groups

Why does Netflix adjust or withdraw content in response to criticism, according to the Propaganda Model? a) To protect its brand and avoid negative feedback from powerful groups b) To promote social justice and activism c) To support alternative political movements d) To encourage free expression and diversity

The Propaganda Model argues that media content is shaped by the interests of corporate elites, rather than being neutral or independent. True False

TRUE

Netflix’s global content acquisition and distribution give it a major role in shaping cultural narratives worldwide. True False

TRUE

The Propaganda Model suggests that the mass media serves primarily to challenge the existing power structures. True False

FALSE

Netflix’s subscription model shields it completely from the influence of advertising, making it immune to corporate pressures. True False

FALSE

Flak is a positive reaction from the public to media content that challenges the status quo. True False

FALSE

Who are the two main theorists behind the Propaganda Model?

Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky

What is the term used in the Propaganda Model to refer to the negative responses, such as criticism or pressure, that media outlets face when producing controversial content?

Flak

What is vertical integration, and how does it apply to Netflix’s business model?

Vertical integration refers to Netflix’s control over both the production and distribution of content, allowing it to dominate the media market.

What are the five key filters identified in the Propaganda Model that shape media content?

Ownership, Advertising, Sourcing of News, Flak, and the Common Enemy

In the context of Netflix, what is meant by the media elite influencing cultural narratives?

The media elite, in this case, refers to the powerful corporations and investors who control Netflix’s content and influence cultural narratives toward capitalist, profit-driven ideologies.

According to the Agenda-Setting Theory, what role do mass media play in public opinion? a) Mass media shapes how the public feels about issues. b) Mass media directly tells the public what to think. c) Mass media determines which issues are most important to the public. d) Mass media has no influence on public opinion.

Which of the following best describes the core idea of the Uses and Gratifications Theory? a) Media audiences are passive receivers of information. b) Audiences use media to fulfill specific needs or desires. c) Media imposes values and beliefs on the audience. d) Audiences have no control over the content they consume.

What does Symbolic Interactionism focus on in terms of media and human behavior? a) How media directly affects the economy. b) The role of media in defining and shaping personal identity through social interaction. c) The influence of the media on political beliefs. d) The economic forces behind media production.

Which of the following is the primary idea behind the Spiral of Silence Theory? a) People with minority opinions tend to speak out louder to influence the majority. b) People with minority opinions tend to silence themselves to avoid social isolation. c) Mass media reflects the diversity of views in society. d) Individuals with different opinions often collaborate to create new media narratives.

What does the Cultivation Analysis Theory suggest about the impact of heavy media consumption? a) It leads to a more balanced view of reality. b) It causes individuals to develop a distorted, illusory perception of reality. c) It increases critical thinking and media literacy. d) It makes people more skeptical of mainstream media narratives.

Media Logic Theory argues that: a) People develop critical thinking skills through media consumption. b) The format and styles of media shape the way we perceive reality. c) Media logic is only applicable to news media. d) Media content has no influence on public perception.

Which of the following is NOT a recognized challenge to media literacy? a) Overconfidence in one’s ability to analyze media. b) Limited access to resources for learning about media. c) An overemphasis on digital skills. d) Enhanced access to credible, unbiased news sources.

How does Confirmation Bias affect how people engage with media content? a) People are more likely to seek out information that contradicts their existing beliefs. b) People tend to ignore information that supports their pre-existing beliefs. c) People selectively expose themselves to information that reinforces their beliefs. d) Confirmation Bias does not affect media consumption.

According to Andrew White, what role do political institutions play in media effects? a) They encourage the public to challenge mainstream media narratives. b) They exacerbate partisanship by favoring certain political views. c) They promote a unified, non-partisan approach to media consumption. d) They have no influence on the media or public opinion.

Which of the following is a potential solution to counteracting the effects of confirmation bias? a) Behavioral nudging to guide individuals toward more rational decision-making. b) Encouraging people to avoid media entirely. c) Only providing information that aligns with people's beliefs. d) Limiting access to contradictory information.

The Agenda-Setting Theory argues that mass media have the power to influence the issues that are important to the public, but not the way people feel about those issues. True False

TRUE

Uses and Gratifications Theory suggests that media consumers use media to satisfy specific psychological and social needs. True False

TRUE

Symbolic Interactionism implies that individuals' sense of self is shaped by their interaction with media, but not necessarily by real-world interactions. True False

FALSE

According to the Spiral of Silence Theory, people with minority opinions are more likely to remain silent because of fear of social isolation. True False

TRUE

Cultivation Analysis Theory suggests that heavy exposure to media can cause people to form a more accurate and well-rounded perception of reality. True False

FALSE

What theory suggests that mass media not only determine the issues of public concern but also highlight what is considered important in society?

Agenda-Setting Theory

Which media theory emphasizes the role of media in shaping individual identity through social interaction?

Symbolic Interactionism

What theory explains that people with minority opinions in a society tend to remain silent due to fear of social rejection?

Spiral of Silence

What theory argues that heavy and repetitive exposure to media leads to a distorted perception of reality, where the world seems more violent and dangerous than it actually is?

Cultivation Analysis

Which cognitive tendency refers to the natural inclination to favor information that supports pre-existing beliefs or opinions?

Confirmation Bias

Which of the following describes Stuart Hall's concept of "encoding" in media? a) The audience's interpretation of a message b) The producer's creation and insertion of a message into media content c) The audience's rejection of a message d) The decoding of a message in an alternative way

What does the "dominant reading" of a media text involve, according to Stuart Hall? a) Rejection of the media message by the audience b) The audience accepts the media message as intended by the producer c) The creation of a new interpretation by the audience d) Acknowledging the producer's message but adding personal views

Which category of media decoding involves the audience completely rejecting the producer's intended message and creating their own meaning? a) Dominant reading b) Negotiated reading c) Oppositional reading d) Critical reading

According to Hall, which of the following is a key element in how meaning is constructed in media? a) Only the producer’s intention b) The audience's social and cultural context c) The amount of viewers a media text attracts d) The profitability of the media content

What is "representation" in Stuart Hall's theory? a) The objective truth represented in media content b) The way media producers create and convey meanings through signs and symbols c) A technical process in media production d) The personal feelings or opinions of the media audience

Which of the following terms best describes the mental concepts that help people categorize and make sense of the world in Hall's theory of representation? a) Cognitive schema b) Conceptual representation c) Ideological system d) Symbolic interactionism

In Stuart Hall's framework, "language representation" refers to: a) The way language is used to communicate complex social ideas b) The use of words, images, and sounds to express internal mental concepts c) The social relationships between speakers and their audience d) A fixed, unchanging set of meanings embedded in language

In the context of media studies, what is meant by "negotiated reading"? a) The audience fully accepts the producer's intended message b) The audience creates a completely new interpretation of the media text c) The audience agrees with some parts of the message but disagrees with others d) The audience remains passive and does not engage with the message

Which of the following is NOT a key element of Stuart Hall’s theory of representation? a) Signs and symbols are central to creating meaning b) Meanings are not fixed, but are created socially and culturally c) Media producers create "real" representations that reflect the world accurately d) Language plays a crucial role in the construction of meaning

What is the main goal of encoding and decoding in media theory according to Stuart Hall? a) To influence the audience's behavior and attitudes b) To determine the truth and reality in media representations c) To understand how media producers and audiences create and interpret meaning d) To increase media profitability through targeted messages

True or False: In Stuart Hall's theory, "encoding" is the process by which the audience interprets and creates meaning from media content.

FALSE

True or False: "Negotiated reading" occurs when the audience completely accepts the intended message of the media producers without questioning it.

FALSE

True or False: According to Stuart Hall, "representation" refers to the process of producing meaning through signs, symbols, and language.

TRUE

True or False: "Oppositional reading" occurs when the audience fully agrees with the media message and internalizes it.

FALSE

True or False: Hall's theory of representation suggests that meanings in media are fixed and permanent, independent of societal influence.

FALSE

Who developed the theory of "encoding and decoding" in media, focusing on how producers and audiences interact with media texts?

Stuart Hall

What term refers to the process of categorizing and organizing internal concepts and ideas to understand the world, as described by Stuart Hall?

Conceptual representation

In Hall's theory, what type of media decoding occurs when the audience accepts some parts of a media message but rejects others?

Negotiated reading

What term does Stuart Hall use to describe the cultural and ideological process by which meaning is created and communicated through signs and symbols?

Representation theory

Which of Hall's decoding categories involves the audience completely rejecting the producer's intended message and creating their own interpretations?

Oppositional reading

What does Roland Barthes' concept of "myth" refer to in the media? a) A universal truth shared across cultures b) The use of narrative to perpetuate societal ideologies c) A set of factual events without bias d) A collection of individual truths that are objectively real

Which of the following is a strategy used by Raffy Lerma in his photography of the War on Drugs? a) Focusing solely on the violence from the perspective of the government b) Erasing the historical context of the War on Drugs c) Documenting the socio-economic struggles and human cost of the drug war d) Presenting drug dealers as villains without context

In Barthes' semiological structure, what does the "signifier" represent? a) The deeper concept or ideology behind the sign b) The physical form of the symbol or object (e.g., a word, image, or sound) c) The culture that defines the meaning of the sign d) The audience’s interpretation of the symbol

Which of the following is the main idea behind "neither-norism" as used in media narratives? a) Presenting an issue with multiple solutions to encourage debate b) Reducing complex issues to two opposing extremes, then dismissing both c) Promoting a balanced view by offering both sides of an argument d) Avoiding controversial topics by focusing on neutral content

According to Barthes, the concept of "inoculation" is used to: a) Highlight historical facts and prevent erasure of history b) Ignore small flaws in social systems to cover up larger problems c) Provide a counter-narrative to dominant ideological symbols d) Encourage public discussion on social issues

What is the significance of "tautology" in media rhetoric? a) Repeating an idea in a more complex manner to confuse the audience b) Using repeated ideas without adding any new information or clarification c) Making claims that are supported by factual evidence d) Using metaphors to explain complex concepts

Which of the following best describes "representation theory" as proposed by Stuart Hall? a) The use of words or images to communicate shared mental concepts b) The practice of producing factual content that conveys universal truth c) The creation of alternative narratives to challenge dominant ideologies d) The simplification of complex issues into understandable terms

How does Barthes define "myth" in terms of semiotics? a) A literal and unchanging symbol that communicates one universal message b) A narrative that conveys a deeper ideological message about society c) A random collection of words or images with no specific meaning d) An artistic form used for entertainment purposes only

In Barthes’ semiological structure, what is the role of "signified"? a) The physical object or image seen by the audience b) The deeper, abstract concept or meaning associated with the signifier c) The audience’s personal interpretation of the sign d) The intended ideological message behind the media content

What does "privations of history" suggest in Barthes’ theory? a) The inclusion of all historical facts in a media narrative b) The removal or distortion of important historical context to maintain control c) The celebration of historical events that challenge societal norms d) The preservation of history without bias or alteration

True or False: Barthes’ concept of “myth” is concerned with conveying universal truths without any ideological context.

FALSE

True or False: "Inoculation" involves acknowledging the flaws of a system to address them directly.

FALSE

True or False: "Neither-norism" reduces complex issues to two opposing extremes, which are then both dismissed without resolution.

TRUE

True or False: Representation theory, according to Stuart Hall, only involves analyzing the language used in media without considering social ideologies.

FALSE

True or False: The "signifier" refers to the deeper meaning or abstract concept behind an image, while the "signified" is the physical representation itself.

FALSE

Who developed the concept of semiology and analyzed how myths and ideologies are conveyed through media?

Roland Barthes

What term refers to the use of symbols, such as images and words, to communicate cultural and ideological meanings in media?

Semiology

What is the term for the process of acknowledging minor flaws in a class-based institution to hide its major issues?

Inoculation

In Barthes’ semiological structure, what do we call the concept or idea that is represented by a physical sign?

Signified

Who is the Filipino photojournalist known for using his photography to expose the human cost of the War on Drugs under Duterte's administration?

Raffy Lerma

According to Guy Debord, what is the primary effect of spectacle on human relations? a) It promotes active engagement with social issues b) It distorts and commodifies human interactions by mediating them through images c) It enhances people's understanding of the world around them d) It encourages critical thinking and intellectual growth

What does the "spectacle" in Debord's theory primarily refer to? a) A dramatic public performance or display that captivates attention b) An intellectual concept used to discuss societal structures c) A form of artistic expression used to challenge capitalist ideologies d) A form of active participation in public debates

According to Debord, how does the spectacle maintain capitalist ideology? a) By encouraging people to become more aware of social issues b) By promoting passive consumption and diverting attention from critical social problems c) By fostering critical thinking and challenging existing power structures d) By motivating people to work less and focus on leisure

How does the spectacle affect the distinction between reality and representation? a) It strengthens the boundary between what is real and what is represented in media b) It has no effect on reality; it simply entertains c) It blurs the line between reality and representation, making it difficult to distinguish between them d) It forces viewers to always question the truth of representations

In Debord's view, what is the ultimate effect of spectacle on society? a) It promotes active political participation b) It alienates people from critical thinking and engagement with real social issues c) It leads to widespread revolutionary change d) It fosters a greater sense of community and mutual understanding

What is meant by "the commodity of spectacle"? a) Spectacles are purely entertainment events with no underlying ideological meaning b) Spectacles are products created and sold by media companies for profit, commodifying human experiences c) Spectacles are forms of artistic expression that resist capitalism d) Spectacles are events designed to critique capitalist ideologies

In which way does the spectacle promote "passive consumption"? a) By encouraging viewers to actively engage with political debates b) By making audiences passive consumers of media content, advertisements, and ideologies c) By promoting critical thinking and encouraging action in response to media content d) By reducing the impact of advertisements on viewers

What does Debord mean by the "alienation" created by the spectacle? a) A deeper connection between people and social issues b) The detachment of people from critical thinking and awareness of social issues c) A greater sense of collective action and political unity d) A deeper understanding of the capitalist system

Which of the following is NOT an example of spectacle in Philippine politics? a) Political jingles b) Celebrity endorsements c) Carnival-like media events d) Debates focused on social issues

What is the primary focus of Debord's "Society of Spectacles"? a) The celebration of art and creativity b) The commodification and distortion of human life and interactions through the spectacle c) The promotion of social justice and political activism d) The development of new political ideologies that resist capitalism

True or False: Guy Debord’s concept of the spectacle suggests that media and images directly shape the way people interact with each other, making these interactions commodified and passive.

TRUE

True or False: In Debord’s view, spectacle helps individuals become more critical of capitalist ideologies by encouraging active participation in social issues.

FALSE

True or False: The spectacle blurs the lines between reality and representation, making it difficult for individuals to discern the truth about social or political matters.

TRUE

True or False: Spectacles, according to Debord, maintain capitalist ideologies by diverting attention away from pressing social issues and focusing instead on superficial entertainment.

TRUE

True or False: According to Debord, media spectacles encourage individuals to become active participants in societal change, thus promoting revolutionary ideas.

FALSE

Who is the key theorist behind the concept of the "Society of Spectacles" and the idea that human interactions are mediated by images?

Guy Debord

What term is used to describe the phenomenon where social relationships and human interactions are commodified through visual representations in the media?

Spectacle

What is the term Debord uses to describe the process by which media reduces the public to passive consumers of images, ideologies, and products?

Passive Consumption

In the context of Debord’s theory, what does "alienation" refer to?

Alienation

Which term in Debord's theory describes the blending of reality and its representation, causing confusion about what is real?

Blurred Reality/Representation

What is the motto of the Enlightenment, which encourages individuals to seek knowledge and understanding? a) "Carpe Diem" b) "Sapere Aude" c) "Cogito, ergo sum" d) "Veni, vidi, vici"

Which philosopher is most associated with the concept of the "public sphere"? a) Karl Marx b) Michel Foucault c) Jurgen Habermas d) Immanuel Kant

According to Jurgen Habermas, what is the "public sphere"? a) A social space dominated by state control b) A private sphere for individual contemplation c) A domain of social life where public opinion can be formed and expressed d) A space where only state-approved opinions can be expressed

Habermas argues that the public sphere is important for what purpose? a) To create a space for state control over public opinions b) To promote public entertainment and media consumption c) To facilitate the formation and expression of public opinion free from state influence d) To limit the influence of media in public debates

According to Habermas, which role does the citizen play in the public sphere? a) A private person with no right to express opinions b) A passive recipient of state directives c) A private individual who engages in public discourse and forms opinions d) A state representative tasked with controlling public discourse

What is the relationship between the public sphere and the state, according to Habermas? a) The state controls the public sphere entirely b) The state and the public sphere are separate entities with opposing roles c) The state and public sphere work together to control public opinion d) The state has no influence on the public sphere

In Habermas' theory, what role do media play in the public sphere? a) Media are used to suppress public opinion b) Media facilitate discourse and enable the formation of public opinion c) Media have no role in the public sphere d) Media are controlled entirely by the state to prevent discourse

Which of the following is a limitation of traditional media (e.g., TV, radio, print) in Habermas' view? a) They promote individual expression and free opinion formation b) They are controlled by market forces and ownership concentration, limiting social justice c) They encourage political participation and engagement d) They are free from censorship and state control

According to Colin Sparks, why can't social media be considered a public sphere? a) Social media promotes critical thinking and public debate b) Social media is too unregulated and free from algorithmic influence c) Social media is shaped by algorithms and filters that distort and limit discourse d) Social media has no role in shaping public opinion

Habermas believes that the public sphere is necessary for which of the following? a) Supporting state-driven policies b) Encouraging passive consumption of information c) Enabling citizens to form and express opinions freely in the democratic process d) Reducing the importance of media in public discussions

True or False: Habermas views the public sphere as an area where individuals can freely assemble and express their opinions without intimidation from the state.

TRUE

True or False: According to Habermas, the public sphere can be equated with the concept of "the public," as it is a general space for public activities.

FALSE

True or False: Habermas argues that the media, as mediators, play a crucial role in facilitating discourse within the public sphere.

TRUE

True or False: Social media platforms fully meet the criteria of a public sphere because they allow for free and open discourse without algorithmic interference.

FALSE

True or False: The rise of the Internet has led to a resurgence in the application of Habermas' public sphere theory, but there are debates about whether social media fits this model.

TRUE

What is the motto of the Enlightenment that encourages individuals to dare to know?

"Sapere Aude"

Who is the theorist most associated with the concept of the public sphere?

Jurgen Habermas

What is the term used by Habermas to describe the social domain where public opinion can be formed and expressed freely?

Public Sphere

What concept did Habermas argue was essential for the functioning of a healthy public sphere, particularly in terms of media?

Media (as facilitators of discourse)

According to Colin Sparks, why can social media not be considered a public sphere?

Because social media is influenced by algorithms and filtering mechanisms that prevent open and equal discourse.

Who is often referred to as the "Father of Media Studies"? a) Noam Chomsky b) Roland Barthes c) Marshall McLuhan d) Stuart Hall

Which of the following is a famous phrase coined by Marshall McLuhan? a) "The personal is political" b) "The medium is the message" c) "Power to the people" d) "The end justifies the means"

What concept did McLuhan introduce to explain how the world is connected through media, especially in the digital age? a) The "Information Highway" b) "Global Village" c) "Technological Determinism" d) "Mediation Theory"

According to McLuhan, how does the medium affect the message? a) The message is independent of the medium. b) The medium amplifies the message but does not alter it. c) The medium itself shapes the way the message is understood and perceived. d) The medium has no influence on the message.

How does technology impact culture, according to McLuhan? a) It has no impact on culture. b) It transforms communication styles, alters media consumption, and encourages global trends. c) It primarily disrupts traditional art forms and cultural practices. d) It only impacts the economy, not culture.

Which of the following is a criticism mentioned by Jill Lepore in her article about Facebook? a) Facebook prioritizes privacy over profit. b) Facebook's goal to "bring people closer together" has led to social division, polarization, and disinformation. c) Facebook fosters meaningful connections and reduces misinformation. d) Facebook's role in media is largely beneficial for society.

What impact does the Internet, according to Jia Tolentino, have on individual identity? a) The Internet allows individuals to create authentic and private identities. b) The Internet commodifies personal identity, turning it into a marketable product. c) The Internet has no significant effect on personal identity. d) The Internet solely serves as a tool for professional networking.

McLuhan argues that to understand the impact of modern media, we should: a) Focus only on the content of the media. b) Look at historical periods or societies where certain media forms were missing. c) Focus only on the technology behind the media. d) Focus on the political economy of the media.

How did McLuhan view media in the context of controlling or repressing groups? a) Media has no role in political or social power. b) Media is a tool for controlling or repressing other groups. c) Media always promotes equal representation and freedom of speech. d) Media is neutral and does not influence societal structures.

Nick Joaquin’s perspective on technology and culture suggests that: a) Technology has a neutral effect on culture. b) Technology drives cultural evolution and creates new identities while challenging existing power structures. c) Technology only preserves traditional cultural practices. d) Technology does not impact culture at all.

True or False: Marshall McLuhan’s phrase “The medium is the message” means that the content of a message is more important than the medium through which it is delivered.

FALSE

True or False: According to McLuhan, media technologies are merely passive tools that do not influence societal changes.

FALSE

True or False: McLuhan’s concept of the "Global Village" highlights how media connects people worldwide, but also how it leads to the homogenization of cultures.

TRUE

True or False: Jill Lepore’s critique of Facebook in "Facebook’s Broken Vows" suggests that social media platforms contribute to social unity and reduce polarization.

FALSE

True or False: Jia Tolentino argues in "The I in the Internet" that social media fosters authentic selfhood and helps individuals form strong, meaningful connections.

FALSE

Who is the Canadian philosopher and media theorist often referred to as the "Father of Media Studies"?

Marshall McLuhan

What is the phrase coined by Marshall McLuhan to describe how the medium through which information is delivered impacts the perception of the message itself?

"The medium is the message"

Which term did McLuhan introduce to describe the interconnected world brought together by media, especially in the digital age?

Global Village

In her article "Facebook’s Broken Vows," what issue does Jill Lepore highlight regarding Facebook's impact on society?

Social division, polarization, and disinformation caused by Facebook prioritizing profit over accountability.

According to Jia Tolentino, what does the Internet do to individual identity, turning it into a commodity?

It commodifies personal identity and turns it into a marketable product.

Who is the famous French philosopher known for his critiques of institutions like psychiatry, medicine, and the prison system, and for founding poststructuralism? a) Karl Marx b) Michel Foucault c) Jean Baudrillard d) Jacques Derrida

What does Foucault refer to as a method of power that works through surveillance and discipline in a society? a) The Panopticon b) The Spectacle c) The Ideological State Apparatus d) The Public Sphere

In Foucault’s concept of Panopticism, what is the key characteristic of the Panopticon design? a) Prisoners are completely free. b) The tower where guards stand is visible at all times. c) Prisoners are constantly watched, but they cannot see the observers. d) Prisoners can monitor each other.

According to Foucault, how does power operate in modern society? a) Through visible force and coercion. b) Through subtle, everyday mechanisms such as surveillance. c) Through religious institutions and rituals. d) Through violent uprisings and revolutions.

What does Foucault mean by the "panoptic modality of power"? a) Power that is exercised only through military means. b) Power that is hidden and works through surveillance and discipline. c) Power that is solely expressed through legal structures. d) Power that comes from direct physical control over bodies.

What type of society does Foucault argue has replaced older systems like feudalism and monarchy? a) Liberal society focused on absolute freedom. b) A capitalist society with no power structures. c) A society focused on efficiency and unity, such as democracy and constitutional systems.

In the context of poststructuralism, what does Foucault say about knowledge and truth? a) They are fixed and objective. b) They are shaped by power dynamics and are not absolute. c) Truth is always found in scientific reasoning. d) Knowledge is entirely separate from power.

According to Foucault, how do disciplinary techniques operate in modern society? a) They are used only in prisons and military institutions. b) They function as part of an extensive economic growth strategy. c) They are rarely applied to civilians or non-institutionalized individuals. d) They work through subtle, everyday methods like surveillance and regulation of behavior.

What does Foucault mean by "surveillance" in the context of panopticism? a) Surveillance is a method to control workers through force. b) Surveillance is a tool to train individuals to see themselves as constantly being observed. c) Surveillance ensures that all individuals are physically bound in place. d) Surveillance is only used for criminal behavior monitoring.

What is one major critique of poststructuralism mentioned in the text? a) It overly focuses on individual freedoms. b) It disregards historical context and determinism in cultural studies. c) It provides clear, absolute truths about society. d) It focuses too much on the practical application of power.

True or False: Foucault's concept of Panopticism suggests that modern societies no longer need overt forms of power such as chains or physical force.

TRUE

True or False: The main function of the Panopticon is to create a sense of visible and constant surveillance that allows individuals to monitor their own behavior.

TRUE

True or False: Foucault’s post structuralism emphasizes that meanings and truths in society are fixed and cannot be influenced by power structures.

FALSE

True or False: According to Foucault, power in modern society is exercised through subtle techniques like surveillance, which shape the behavior of individuals.

TRUE

True or False: Disciplinary power techniques are closely tied to economic growth, especially through the surveillance of individuals in various social institutions.

TRUE

Who is the French philosopher known for developing the theory of Panopticism and poststructuralism?

Michel Foucault

What is the name of the prison design that Foucault used to illustrate how modern societies exercise power through surveillance?

The Panopticon

What type of societal structure, according to Foucault, has replaced traditional forms like feudalism and monarchy in modern times?

Modern democratic systems focused on efficiency and unity.

In Foucault’s theory, what is the effect of surveillance on individuals in society?

It trains individuals to see themselves as being constantly observed, influencing their behavior.

Which concept in Foucault’s theory describes how power in modern society works subtly and pervasively, often through everyday practices like surveillance?

Panopticism

Who is the French philosopher known for developing the theory of deconstruction? a) Michel Foucault b) Jacques Derrida c) Jean Baudrillard d) Roland Barthes

In Derrida’s view, what is a major problem with the way we traditionally understand language? a) Language is always fixed and unchanging. b) Language shapes our understanding of reality in absolute terms. c) There is no clear distinction between the signified and the signifier. d) Language is always clear and unambiguous.

What is the central concept of Derrida’s deconstruction? a) The distinction between the signifier and the signified. b) The idea that language represents fixed truths. c) The critique of binary oppositions and stable meanings. d) The emphasis on universal truths in language.

In Derrida’s philosophy, what does "logocentrism" refer to? a) The belief in the universal and fixed meanings of words. b) The focus on rationality and the presence of meaning in texts. c) The idea that culture is independent of language. d) The belief that all languages are the same.

What is one of the key challenges Derrida identifies with translation? a) That translations are always perfect and exact. b) That meanings get lost in translation due to cultural and linguistic differences. c) That translation is not necessary in a globalized world. d) That translation requires no ethical consideration.

What does Derrida believe about the nature of interpretation and meaning? a) Interpretation is always subjective and unreliable. b) Meanings are fixed and permanent across all cultures. c) Interpretation is an ongoing process, always open to revision and change. d) Interpretation must always follow the author’s intent.

Which of the following best describes Derrida’s view on binary oppositions? a) Binary oppositions provide clear distinctions between concepts. b) Binary oppositions should be upheld to maintain clarity in thought. c) Binary oppositions are problematic and should be deconstructed. d) Binary oppositions have no role in language.

In Derrida’s view, what does deconstruction allow for in terms of societal change? a) It affirms the stability of political institutions. b) It undermines the possibility of social change. c) It opens up the possibility for continuous reexamination and change in political and social structures. d) It encourages a return to traditional values and institutions.

Derrida’s work on language and identity focuses on: a) The fixed and unchanging nature of identity. b) How language shapes our understanding of ourselves and others. c) The isolation of language from cultural contexts. d) The separation of language and identity.

In Derrida’s "Letter to a Japanese Friend," what does he reflect on? a) The universality of Western philosophy. b) The challenge of translating ideas between different cultures. c) The importance of fixed meanings in texts. d) The dominance of logocentrism in global languages.

True or False: Derrida’s deconstruction theory affirms the idea of fixed and stable meanings in language.

FALSE

True or False: According to Derrida, translation can never fully capture the meaning of a word or concept in another language.

TRUE

True or False: Derrida’s critique of logocentrism challenges the belief that language is solely a tool for representing fixed truths.

TRUE

True or False: Derrida’s deconstruction promotes the idea that binary oppositions (e.g., male/female, good/evil) are essential for clear thought and communication.

FALSE

True or False: According to Derrida, the interpretation of texts and concepts should be viewed as a permanent and definitive process.

FALSE

Who is the philosopher credited with developing the theory of deconstruction and critiquing logocentrism?

Jacques Derrida

What term does Derrida use to describe the belief that language can perfectly represent stable, fixed meanings?

Logocentrism

In Derrida’s theory, what is the name for the constant reexamination and destabilization of concepts and meanings?

Deconstruction

What does Derrida suggest is a challenge in translating ideas between different languages and cultures?

The challenge of capturing the full meaning of a concept in a different language.

In Derrida’s view, what role does language play in shaping individual and collective identity?

Language shapes and constructs both individual and collective identity, influencing how we understand ourselves and others.

Who is the theorist behind the concept of "Orientalism" and its critique of Western portrayals of Eastern cultures? a) Marshall McLuhan b) Jacques Derrida c) Edward Said d) Michel Foucault

What does the concept of "Panopticism" primarily relate to? a) The exploration of global media trends b) A system of surveillance and control c) The commercialization of human interaction d) The relationship between technology and culture

Which of the following is an example of a stereotype often perpetuated by Western media about the Middle East? a) Land of prosperity and peace b) A land of deserts, violence, and fanaticism c) A center of advanced technology d) A land of education and development

What is the term used to describe a society that is constantly monitored and controlled by invisible surveillance systems, as theorized by Michel Foucault? a) Modernism b) Post-humanism c) Panopticism d) Hegemony

Which of the following is a key idea in Derrida’s theory of deconstruction? a) Language is fixed and binary. b) Identity is independent of language. c) Meaning is always fluid and subject to interpretation. d) Culture remains static over time.

What does "Spectacle" in media, as defined by Guy Debord, promote? a) Active participation in political discourse b) Passive consumption of images and narratives c) Critical thinking and social change d) Independent media practices

Which of the following is an example of how "Orientalism" appears in modern media? a) The representation of Eastern cultures as progressive b) Depictions of Eastern societies as mystical, violent, or backward c) Western media glorifying Eastern philosophy d) The portrayal of Eastern cultures as technologically advanced

Which post-colonial theorist argued that colonialism continues to affect both culture and identity in the modern world, even after formal decolonization? a) Edward Said b) Marshall McLuhan c) Derrida d) Guy Debord

According to Foucault, how does power in modern societies differ from traditional power structures? a) Power is only exercised by the state. b) Power operates through direct control and force. c) Power operates through subtle surveillance and discipline. d) Power is not relevant in modern societies.

Which of the following is an example of post-colonialism in the context of modern global culture? a) The rise of Western media dominance b) The global spread of the Korean Wave (Hallyu) c) The rejection of technology in non-Western countries d) The disappearance of cultural identity in the global market

Post-colonialism suggests that we have fully moved beyond the influence of colonial powers, and that all countries are now equal. True False

FALSE

The concept of "Spectacle" in media promotes active engagement and critical thinking from the audience. True False

FALSE

Edward Said’s "Orientalism" critiques the way Western media portrays Eastern cultures, often reducing them to stereotypes. True False

TRUE

According to Foucault, surveillance systems in modern society work to control people through visible and direct forms of punishment. True False

FALSE

Post-humanism focuses on the impact of technology, particularly how it disrupts traditional human experiences and identities. True False

TRUE

Who is the theorist who developed the concept of "Spectacle" to describe how media and images control social relations?

Guy Debord

What is the term used by Edward Said to describe the Western depiction of Eastern societies as exotic, backward, and violent?

Orientalism

Which term describes the constant surveillance of individuals in modern society, as theorized by Michel Foucault?

Panopticism

Who coined the term "Deconstruction" and argued that meaning is fluid and can never be fixed or stable?

Jacques Derrida

What is the term used to describe a society or era in which power is no longer exercised through chains and physical force but through surveillance and discipline?

Disciplinary Power

Who is Fredric Jameson? a) A famous philosopher known for post-structuralism b) A Marxist theorist and literary critic c) A cultural theorist focused on technology d) A film critic specializing in postmodern cinema

Which of the following concepts is central to Fredric Jameson’s analysis of postmodernism in his book Postmodernism: The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism? a) The fragmentation of reality and the rise of hyperreality b) The impact of social media on traditional culture c) The economic theory of neoliberalism d) The collapse of global capitalism

What does Fredric Jameson mean by "The Precession of Simulacra"? a) The idea that art influences the economy b) The way media representations create a false version of reality c) The return to traditional values in modern culture d) The breakdown of communication in the postmodern world

What is the term used by Jameson to describe how culture, particularly popular culture, has become commodified in postmodernism? a) Cultural Capital b) Aesthetic Populism c) Hyperreality d) Surrealism

Which of the following best defines the concept of "Hyperreality" as described by Fredric Jameson? a) A reality that remains separate from media representation b) A society where the boundaries between the real and imagined blur, creating a new reality c) A utopian society built on authentic cultural values d) A technological world driven by artificial intelligence

Which of the following postmodern cultural icons did Fredric Jameson mention to exemplify identity formation in postmodernism? a) Madonna and David Bowie b) Elvis Presley and Bob Dylan c) Taylor Swift and Billie Eilish d) Michael Jackson and Lady Gaga

What is a characteristic of the "Attention Economy" that TikTok capitalizes on? a) The ability to create long-form content b) The goal to accumulate user data for targeted advertising c) The creation of addictive feedback loops driven by dopamine d) The focus on educational content

What is the role of algorithms in platforms like TikTok? a) To promote long-term content strategies b) To determine user preferences and curate personalized content c) To filter fake news and misinformation d) To decrease the time users spend on the app

How does postmodernism affect shopping, according to Fredric Jameson’s analysis? a) Shopping is increasingly about big brands and mass-market products b) Shopping has become about small, specialized brands catering to personal identities c) Shopping no longer requires the use of credit cards d) Shopping is increasingly done through physical stores instead of online

What is a major consequence of TikTok's "dopamine-driven feedback loop"? a) Users experience fewer social interactions b) Users feel empowered to make critical decisions c) Users get hooked on short-term gratification, affecting attention span d) Users ignore all advertisements on the platform

Fredric Jameson argues that postmodernism is characterized by a shift from traditional culture to a more fragmented and commodified society. True False

TRUE

Postmodernism emphasizes fixed identities and stable cultural norms in society. True False

FALSE

Jameson believes that in the postmodern era, popular culture plays a minimal role in shaping social dynamics. True False

FALSE

TikTok’s algorithms work to keep users engaged by offering personalized, short-form video content based on their interests. True False

TRUE

The concept of hyperreality suggests that media representations create a new reality that becomes indistinguishable from the actual world. True False

TRUE

Who is the Marxist theorist and literary critic who wrote Postmodernism: The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism?

Fredric Jameson

What term does Fredric Jameson use to describe the blending of reality and media representations, creating a new, altered version of reality?

Hyperreality

Which popular cultural icons did Fredric Jameson use to illustrate the use of brands to construct personal identity in postmodern society?

Madonna and David Bowie

What is the term for the system of algorithms and psychological effects that drive user engagement on platforms like TikTok?

Attention Economy

What concept refers to the illusion of a perfect, magical world created by spaces like Disneyland, according to postmodern theory?

Disneyland (as the perfect model of hyperreality)

What is a Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL)? a) A procedure to enhance the lips b) A cosmetic surgery where fat is transferred to the buttocks c) A facial reconstruction surgery d) A type of breast augmentation

Who is considered the pioneer of plastic surgery training for BBL? a) Ivo Pitanguy b) Kim Kardashian c) Rebecca Jennings d) Rosanna Maule

Which cosmetic procedure has become the fastest growing since 2015? a) Botox injections b) Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL) c) Lip fillers d) Rhinoplasty

What was the influence of Kim Kardashian on millennials and cosmetic surgery trends? a) She promoted plastic surgery for all age groups b) She encouraged women to embrace natural beauty c) She set unrealistic beauty standards, influencing millennials to undergo cosmetic procedures d) She dissuaded people from getting cosmetic surgeries

What is the primary focus of "Women’s Cinema 2.0" according to Rosanna Maule? a) To create more action movies starring women b) To give women a voice and opportunity in filmmaking c) To showcase the role of women in politics d) To provide a platform for international cinema

What does the documentary Flamenco Queer primarily focus on? a) The history of flamenco dance b) The artistic expression combining song, dance, and music rooted in LGBTQIA+ culture c) Traditional Spanish culture d) The life of famous flamenco dancers

How has the concept of hegemonic beauty standards affected society according to the analysis of BBL procedures? a) It leads to more acceptance of diverse body types b) It has encouraged a wider range of beauty standards c) It has perpetuated unrealistic beauty standards, leading to higher rates of surgeries and associated health risks d) It promotes natural beauty and body positivity

In what way does Flamenco Queer challenge traditional gender norms? a) By exploring the history of flamenco b) By blending art forms to challenge traditional gender expressions and identities c) By focusing on the Spanish royal family’s influence on gender roles d) By promoting flamenco as a strictly heterosexual art form

What does Sir Kim’s analysis of BBL surgeries emphasize? a) The positive societal impact of cosmetic surgery b) The societal pressures that push individuals to undergo procedures to fit unrealistic standards c) The medical benefits of BBL surgery d) The cultural appropriation of BBL by the West

How does feminism relate to media portrayals, according to discussions on gender and women’s cinema? a) Feminism seeks to suppress women's roles in media b) Feminism promotes the idea of empowering women through representation and equality in media c) Feminism discourages women from participating in the media industry d) Feminism supports traditional gender roles in cinema

The Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL) involves the transfer of fat from one area of the body to the buttocks. True False

TRUE

The primary goal of “Women’s Cinema 2.0” is to focus solely on women in traditional roles in film. True False

FALSE

Kim Kardashian’s influence has been widely criticized for promoting unrealistic beauty standards, especially on Instagram. True False

TRUE

Flamenco Queer is a documentary exploring flamenco as a dance tradition within heterosexual norms. True False

FALSE

Sir Kim’s analysis suggests that societal pressures have led to higher rates of BBL surgeries and associated deaths. True False

TRUE

Who is the famous Brazilian surgeon known for being the first to train doctors in plastic surgery procedures like the Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL)?

Ivo Pitanguy

Which cosmetic procedure has been the fastest growing since 2015, often leading to high health risks, including death?

Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL)

Which influential celebrity is often seen as a role model for millennials seeking cosmetic procedures to enhance their appearance on Instagram?

Kim Kardashian

What is the name of the documentary that blends artistic expression, song, dance, and music to challenge gender norms within the LGBTQIA+ community?

Flamenco Queer

What term refers to the cultural dominance of Western beauty standards and societal pressures to conform to a specific body type?

Hegemony

What is the term used by Bernard Stiegler to describe the process through which technology externalizes human capabilities like memory and creativity? a) Epigenesis b) Exteriorization c) Cognition d) Hegemony

Which of the following best describes Stiegler's concept of "epiphylogenesis"? a) Biological memory b) Memory transmitted through genetics c) Cultural and technical memory accumulated externally d) Memory that is developed individually

According to Stiegler, what risk does over-reliance on technology pose to humans? a) The risk of technological alienation b) The acceleration of biological evolution c) The growth of cognitive abilities d) The improvement of physical strength

In the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election, social bots were mainly used to: a) Provide factual information b) Spread fake news and misinformation c) Enhance public trust in candidates d) Generate positive social media sentiment

According to Stiegler, what does "technical consciousness" refer to? a) Our ability to understand and critique the tools we create b) The capacity to create new biological processes c) The ability to improve the genetic code d) The passive use of technology

Which concept is related to the idea that memory is not just biological, but also cultural and technological? a) Biological Determinism b) Epiphylogenesis c) Cognitive Evolution d) Technological Reflexivity

In the context of social bots, what is the primary goal of "far-right" online communities? a) To spread awareness of environmental issues b) To promote gender equality c) To amplify extremist views and manipulate political discourse d) To support democratic values globally

According to Stiegler, which aspect of human development is particularly impacted by the invention of tools? a) Biological evolution b) Cognitive and cultural development c) Genetic memory d) Evolution of language

In the film Maria, how is the character of Maria depicted in relation to traditional gender roles in action films? a) As a victim of male dominance b) As a strong, capable woman challenging patriarchal norms c) As a passive participant in the male-dominated narrative d) As a stereotypical damsel in distress

What does "symbolic reflexivity" concern itself with? a) The role of biological instincts in human behavior b) The critique of technological systems c) The influence of language and symbols on human thought and behavior d) The evolution of human physical capabilities

Stiegler believes that human evolution is solely driven by biological factors, without the influence of technology. True / False

FALSE

Social bots are often used to manipulate political discourse by spreading misinformation and altering public sentiment. True / False

TRUE

In Stiegler’s view, the use of tools and technology can alienate us from our natural cognitive abilities. True / False

TRUE

In Maria, the character challenges traditional gender stereotypes by embodying a passive role typically reserved for male action heroes. True / False

FALSE

The concept of "epiphylogenesis" highlights the biological evolution of human beings over time, without considering the impact of culture or technology. True / False

FALSE

What term does Stiegler use to describe the use of tools and technology as an extension of human abilities like memory and creativity?

Exteriorization

This type of technology is used to simulate human behavior online, often to influence political discussions or spread misinformation.

Social bots

The feminist concept that challenges the dominant male power structure in both political and social contexts, often associated with the rejection of patriarchy.

Feminism

A character in Maria who defies traditional gender roles in action films by embodying both physical strength and resilience, challenging male dominance.

Maria

The term used to describe cultural and social evolution that is shaped by collective memory, shared experiences, and technological advancements.

Epiphylogenesis

BROA 303 | QUESTIONNAIRES Flashcards

(315 cards)