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BSES 36 Flashcards

Environmental Science (89 cards)

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1
Q

the circumstances or conditions
that surround an organism or a group of organisms

A

environment

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2
Q

the complex social or cultural conditions that affect
an individual or a community.

A

environment

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3
Q

environment came from the french word means to encircle or surround

A

envirron

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4
Q

describes living and nonliving
surroundings relevant to organisms. It incorporates
physical, chemical, and biological factors and processes
that determine the growth and survival of organisms,
populations, and communities.

A

environment

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5
Q

two major components

A

-biotic factors
-abiotic factors

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6
Q

Living things within
the environment.

A

biotic

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7
Q

Non-living things
within the
environment.

A

abiotic

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8
Q

Organisms like plants
and algae that produce
their own food through
the process of
photosynthesis.

A

Producers
(Autotrophs)

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9
Q

Organisms that cannot produce
their own food and rely on
consuming other organisms for
energy. This group includes
animals, insects, and humans.

A

Consumers (Heterotrophs)

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10
Q

Organisms that break
down dead organisms and waste
products. Fungi and bacteria are
common decomposers that help
recycle nutrients back into the
environment.

A

Decomposers

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11
Q

types of biotic components

A

-producers
-consumers
-decomposers

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12
Q

comprises of all forms of
water bodies on earth including marine
(oceans, seas), freshwater (rivers, lakes, ponds,
streams), and groundwater resources.

A

Hydrosphere

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13
Q

About __ percent of the Earth’s surface is
water-covered

A

71

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14
Q

the oceans hold about __
percent of all Earth’s water.

A

96.5

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15
Q

The
outer crust of the

Earth, comprising
soil and land forms

like mountains and

valleys.

A

Lithosphere

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16
Q

The
layer of gases
surrounding the Earth,
which includes oxygen,
nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, and other

gases.

A

Atmosphere

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17
Q

abiotic components

A

-hydrosphere
-atmosphere
-lithosphere

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18
Q

effects of weather, e.g. rain:
more rain means more water, which supports more
life

A

climatic factors

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19
Q

effects of soil, e.g. soil pH: pH
affects growth of particular plants as pH affects
enzyme action. Most plants grow at soil pH of 6.5
to 8.5

A

edaphic factors

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20
Q

the science of physical phenomena in
the environment. It studies of the sources,
reactions, transport, effect and fate of
physical a biological species in the air,
water and soil and the effect of from
human activity upon these.

A

environmental science

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21
Q

studies all
aspects of the
environment in an
interdisciplinary
way.

A

environmental science

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22
Q

It seeks practical
answers to
making human
civilization
sustainable on
the earth’s finite

resources.

A

applied science

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23
Q

consist of
a series of well-defined steps. If
the hypothesis is not supported
by the experiment results, a
new hypothesis can be
proposed.

A

scientific method

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24
Q

Environmental
conservation must be
done since it directly
affects us.

A

Utilitarian justification

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25
Considers the recreational, inspirational, and spiritual justification.
Aesthetic justification
26
Considers all ecosystems and species that benefit from each other.
Ecological justification
27
Considers environmental conservation as an obligation to help lives persist.
Moral justification
28
importance of environmental science
-Utilitarian justification -Aesthetic justification -Ecological justification -Moral justification
29
applications of environmental science
-Understanding The Interconnectedness Of Ecosystems -Addressing Climate Change And Global Warming -Promoting Sustainable Resource Management -Development of alternative sources of energy -Stabilization of human population and environment -Driving Policy And Environmental Legislation
29
the only place in the cosmos that is known to sustain life and ecosystems
earth
30
the resources necessary to sustain life are limited to those already contained on the planet with one critical exception – the electromagnetic radiation that is continuously emitted by the Sun
earth
31
These include the abiotic factors (such as water, soil, minerals) and biotic factors (such as plants, animals, and microbes
natural resources
32
depended on rain, streams, and rivers
Traditional agriculture:
33
creation of wells to tap underground water and dams to impound water
Modern agriculture:
34
Earth’s Resources and Man
1) Atmosphere 2) Hydrosphere 3) Lithosphere 4) Biosphere
35
are present in a finite quantity and do not regenerate after they are harvested and used
Non-renewable resources
36
are capable of regenerating after harvesting, so potentially their stocks can be utilized forever.
Renewable resources
37
“Mined” or “Exhaustible resources”
Non-renewable resources
38
are made from decomposing plants and animals. These fuels are found in Earth's crust and contain carbon and hydrogen, which can be burned for energy.
FOSSIL FUELS
39
examples of fuels
COAL, OIL, NATURAL GAS
40
Solid form of fossil fuel
COAL
41
Forms from ancient, plant-filled swamps that have since been covered for millions of years by sediment
COAL
42
Cheapest source of energy.
COAL
43
Used for electricity generation, steel production, cement manufacturing.
COAL
44
the largest coal producer in the Philippines
Semirara Mining and Power Corporation
45
Liquid fossil fuel
OIL
46
Thick black liquid composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon
OIL
47
Often referred as petroleum or crude oil
OIL
48
Used for gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt and road oil, plastics, lubricant oils, etc
OIL
49
Gaseous form of fossil fuel
NATURAL GAS
50
Often found near oil deposits in the subsurface
NATURAL GAS
51
Lighter than air and composed mainly of methane, which is why it has no smell
NATURAL GAS
52
Cleaner and causes less pollution
NATURAL GAS
53
Used as an energy source for heating, cooking, electricity generation etc.
NATURAL GAS
54
A mineral is a naturally occurring substance, representable by a chemical formula, that is usually solid and inorganic, and has a crystal structure
NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES
55
huge variety of products including cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aeroplane parts
ALUMINUM
56
can be in many things from power generation, transmission, and distribution systems to electronics circuitry, telecommunications, and numerous types of electrical equipment
CHROMIUM
57
can be in many things from power generation, transmission, and distribution systems to electronics circuitry, telecommunications, and numerous types of electrical equipment
COPPER
58
daily life include machinery and tools, as well as vehicles, hulls of ships, structural elements for buildings, bridges and aircraft.
IRON
59
have been used in a wide variety of products found in and around our homes, including paint, ceramics, pipes and plumbing materials, solders, gasoline, batteries, ammunition and cosmetics
LEAD
60
Used as ornament. for electronics, and in aerospace
GOLD
61
Used for jewelries, electronics, and photography.
SILVER
62
extremely important in the cement, ceramic and glass industries. Example: quartz
SILICATE MINERALS
63
Used for concrete, used in agriculture for neutralizing acid soils, used in cement industry. Also used in paper and paint industries
LIMESTONE
64
Found in many items we use every day, like toothpaste and shampoo. It is also used to make Portland cement and drywall, create molds for dinnerware and dental impressions, and to build roads and highways
GYPSUM
65
TYPES OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES
1. FOREST RESOURCES 2. WATER RESOURCES 3. FOOD RESOURCES 4. ENERGY RESOURCES 5. LAND RESOURCES
66
A single individual living thing; a complex individual consist of organ systems
ORGANISM
67
Group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area
POPULATION
68
Populations of different species interacting, living in a particular place
COMMUNITY
69
A community interacting with one another with their nonliving environment
ECOSYSTEM
70
It is a large area with similar conditions and comprised of multiple ecosystems.
BIOMES
71
Regions of the Earth’s crust, waters, and atmosphere inhabited by living things.
BIOSPHERE
72
The study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment; it seeks to understand the vital connections between plants and animals and the world around them.
ECOLOGY
73
is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms.
Symbiosis
74
is when the species do not live together; the relationship is facultative or opportunistic but does not profit organisms when together.
Non-symbiotic
75
Both species are working together and benefit with each other.
MUTUALISM
76
Both species in the relationship will not exist without the others.
MUTUALISM
77
One organism benefits while the other remains unaffected (neither helped nor harmed).
COMMENSALISM
78
One organism, known as the PARASITE, lives in or another organism, known as the HOST, from which it derives nourishment
PARASITISM
79
Enhances the fitness of parasite but reduces fitness of the host
PARASITISM
80
Relationship lasts for a prolonged period, allowing the parasite to continue benefitting.
PARASITISM
81
TWO CLASSIFICATION OF PARASITES
-ECTOPARASITE -ENDOPARASITE
82
Live on the surface of the host
ECTOPARASITE
83
Live inside the body of the host
ENDOPARASITE
84
One organism is the PREDATOR that kills and consumes the other organism known as the PREY
PREDATION
85
Enhances fitness of predator but reduces fitness of prey
PREDATION
86
Short-lived interaction abd results in the death of prey
PREDATION
87
Two or more organisms compete for the same limited resources or territory
COMPETITION
88
Only one organism benefited but both organisms are harmed to the extent
COMPETITION

SECOND YEAR, SECOND SEM (7 decks)

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