BTR Flashcards
(90 cards)
1
Q
Meissener corpuscles
A
MC- most common(numerous)
In Non Hairy skin only
Messi- fast moving touch and two point discrimination
2
Q
Pacinian corpuscles
A
Pc -largest receptor as largest star
But sensitive
And High frequency vibration
Onion shape
3
Q
Hair end organ
A
Fast
Hair movement
4
Q
Merkel cells
A
Slow adaptation
Epidermis
Edge
Braille
5
Q
Skin stretch, pressure
Max in joint capsule
A
Ruffini’s corpuscles
6
Q
C fibers
A
Itching and slow pain
Via Subs p
7
Q
Fast adapting receptor
A
Mc
Pc
Hair end organ
8
Q
Erlanger Grasser classification
A
A (alpha beta gamma delta)
B
C
9
Q
A alpha
A
Propioception
Somatic motor
120 m/sec
10
Q
A beta
A
Beta treated with touch and pressure
11
Q
A gamma
A
Efferent to muscle spindle
12
Q
A delta
A
Fast pain , temp (cold)
13
Q
C fibers
A
Slow pain , warm temp
Post ganglionic symp
14
Q
Local anesthetic sensitivity
A
A gamma >delta>alpha>beta>B>C
15
Q
Pressure sensitivity
A
A>B>C
16
Q
Hypoxia
A
B>A>C
17
Q
Awake EEG Wave
A
Beta
18
Q
Awake eyes closed wave?
A
Alpha
19
Q
Stage N1 (5%)
A
Theta
20
Q
Problem solving eeg
A
Gamma wave
21
Q
Stage N2 eeg
A
Sleep spindles and K complexes
22
Q
Stage N3 eeg
A
Delta
23
Q
REM SLEEP EEG
A
Beta , PGO
24
Q
Night mares and night terror
A
Mares - Memory
In REM
25
Stage NREM
N1
N2 Bruxism
N3 Night walking
Nocturnal enuresis
Night terrors
26
Sleep changes in elderly
Decrease in REM sleep
Decrease N3
27
Sleep changes in depression.
Increase in REM sleep time
Decrease Rem Latency
Decrease N3 repeated night time awakenings
Early morning awakening
28
Sleep Changes in narcolepsy
Decrease REM LATENCY
29
SNpc
Dopamine
Main regulator of basal ganglia
30
STN
Glutamate as Nt
Contralateral hemiballismus
31
Caudate disorder
Chorea
Gaba release
32
Globus pallidus
Athetosis
(Global athelete)
33
Hypothalamic
Lateral nucleus
Hunger and anger
Mediated by Grehlin
34
Thalamic nuclei
VPL
ST/DC ----> BODY(Pain , temp , touch) and Vibration --->3,1,2
35
Thalamic nuclei
VPM
ST/DC--->FACE/TASTE--->3,1,2
36
LGN
Optic tracts/SC---> Vision--->1° visual cortex(17)
37
MEDIAL GENICULATE NUCLEUS
LL/IC--->HEARING---->AUDITORY CORTEX
38
Thalamic nuclei
Ventral anterior/lateral nucleus
BG/cerebellum--->motor cortex
39
Hypothalamic nucleus
Lateral
Hunger and anger (by Grehlin)
40
Hypothalamic nucleus
VM
Satiety (leptin)
41
Hypothalamic nucleus
Anterior
Ac --> cooling
42
Hypothalamic nucleus
Suprachiasmatic
Circadian rythm(melatonin)
43
Hypothalamic nucleus
SON AND PVN
SAD(ADH)
POX(OXYTOCIN)
44
Hypothalamic nucleus
Preoptic nucleus
Sexual response(GnRH)
Related to kallman sx.
45
Gaba agonist
BZD(Inc freq)
Topiramates
Phenobarbi(durates)
46
Increase GABA RELEASE
Pregabalin
Gabapentin
47
Gaba reuptake inhibitor
Tiagabine
48
GABA transaminase inhibitor
Vigabatrin
49
Vigabatrin
Visual field defect
Gaba transaminase inhibitor
50
AMPA receptor blocker
PerAMPANEL
51
NMDA RECEPTOR blocker
FELBAMATE
52
K+ channel opener
Retigabine / Ezogabine
53
SV2A RECEPTOR BLOCKER
Levetiracetam
Block exostosis of Na and Ca synaptic vessicle
54
Ethosuximide
Gapapentin
Ca channel blocker
55
Carbamazapine s/e
Ataxia
Blood dyscracias
Cleft lip and palate
Cyt p450 induction
Diplopia
SIADH(MORE WITH OXCARBAZEPINE)¤
SJS
56
Phenytoin side effect
P P450 Indn , pseudolymphoma
H irsuitism
Enlarged gums
Nystagmus
Yellow brown skin
Teratogenicity
Osteopenia
Inhibited folate absorption
Neuropathy
57
Lamotrigine
SJS
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
58
Doc Focal seizures
Carbamazepine
59
D o c focal seizures in elderly
Lamotrigine
60
DOC trigeminal Neuralgia
CBZ
61
DOC
TYPICAL ABSENCE SEIZURE
Atypical
Ethosuximide
Valproate
62
DOC
INFANTILE SPASM
ACTH
63
DOC
INFANTILE SPASM IN TSC
Vigabatrine
64
DOC NEONATAL SEIZURE
Phenobarital
65
DOC
FEBRILE SEIZURE
Diazepam
66
DOC
STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Lorazepam
67
BZD APPROVED IN LGS
Clobazam
68
DOC GTCS/JME/LGS
Valproate
69
Seizure DOC IN PREGNANCY
Levitiracetam/lamotrigine
70
Decussation at spinal cord and asc contralateral
Lateral Spinothalamic tract
Pain and temp
71
Ascends I/L
Decussate at medulla as medial leminuscus
Dorsal column tract
72
Desends from 1° motor cortex
Decussate at medulla
Go to AHC
Corticospinal tracts
73
Brown sequard
LMN AT LEVEL OF LESION
BELOW THE LESION
I/L CORTICOSPINAL AND DORSAL COLUMN
C/L SPINOTHALAMIC LOSS
74
Ant 2/3 rd cord affected
Ant spinal artery infarct
Only DC is working
75
Post column affected with DRG
Tabes dorsalis
(Tertiary syphillis)
Loss of joint position
Argyl robertson pupil
Lancenating pain
76
Cape ljne loss of temp and sensation
Syringomyelia
77
DC and corticospinal loss
SACD IN B12 DEF , CU Def , HIV
78
AHC AFFECTED
Acute flaccid paralysis
In poliomyelitis
79
B/l symmetrical AHC
LMN PALSY
WERNIG HOFFMAN DISEASE/SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY
(FLOPPY BABY)
80
UMN + LMN
ALS
(LEU GEHRIG DISEASE)
81
ALS
Riluzole
(NMDA blocker)
Edavarone
82
SCN1A
Dravet syndrome
Doc Valproate
83
EPM2A DEFECT
Lafora ds.
84
1st drug in seizure (early se)
Iv BZD lorazepam 0.1 mg/kg
Then Phenytoin
85
Established SE
IV midaz or propofol
Then any other anti epileptic
86
Refractory Status epilepticus
Pentobarbitone 5 mg/kg
87
Myotonia congenita
CLCN1 DISORDER
88
Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
SCN4A Na channel problem
Kalemic not related to potassium
89
Hypokalemic periodic parslysis
CaCNA1S Ca channel
SCN4A
90
Anderson tawil sx
KCNJ2
