Buffers

Question 1

If the body experiences an increase in CO2, will it be put in respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis, or metabolic acidosis?

Answer 1

Respiratory Acidosis

Question 2

If the body experiences an decrease in CO2, will it be put in respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis, or metabolic acidosis?

Answer 2

Respiratory Alkalosis

Question 3

If the body experiences a loss of bicarbonate, will it be put in respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis, or metabolic acidosis?

Answer 3

Metabolic Acidosis

Question 4

If the body experiences an increase of bicarbonate, will it be put in respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis, or metabolic acidosis?

Answer 4

Metabolic Alkalosis

Question 5

When lactic acid is produced in muscle, which buffering system is most likely to neutralize it first?

A. Respiratory
B. Bicarbonate-Carbonic Acid
C. Proteins
D. Kidneys

Answer 5

Kidneys

Question 6

When CO2 levels are decreased, which is most likely to occur in order to buffer any changes?

A. Slow down breathing rate
B. Increase breathing rate
C. Increase excretion in urine
D. Decrease excretion in urine

Answer 6

A. Slow down breathing rate

Question 7

What buffer helps decrease acid outside the cell?

Answer 7

Bicarbonate

Question 8

What buffer helps decrease base outside the cell?

Answer 8

Carbonic Acid

Question 9

If CO2 goes up, do we want to increase or decrease our breathing rate?

Answer 9

Increase —> it’s a direct relationship

Question 10

If CO2 goes down, do we want to increase or decrease our breathing rate?

Answer 10

Decrease —> it’s a direct relationship

Question 11

What does amphoteric mean?

Answer 11

The compound can act as both a base or an acid. Proteins are amphoteric.

Question 12

How are volatile acids eliminated?

Answer 12

They are turned into a gas and excreted via the lungs

Question 13

How are non-volatile acids eliminated?

Answer 13

They are excreted through the kidneys as pee

Question 14

What does the ratio of pH to pKa have to be in order for a compound to become ionized?

Answer 14

The pH has to be ABOVE the pKa to be ionized. This will cause a Hydrogen to be lost and render the compound ready for ionization.

Question 15

When the pH=?, there are equal amounts of a weak acid and it’s conjugate base.

Answer 15

pKa

Question 16

What does the pH measure?

Answer 16

Free hydrogen ions