Burn Injuries

Question 1

4 Sources of burn damage?

Answer 1

1. Thermal
2. Electrical
3. Chemical
4. Radiation

Question 2

What is the zone of coagulation?

Answer 2

When portions of the skin that have gone necrotic and have suffered irreversible injury

Question 3

What is the zone of stasis?

Answer 3

Surrounding area where blood flow is compromised and tissues will die if blood flow is not restored

Question 4

What is the zone of hyperaemia?

Answer 4

the outer perimeter where there is increased blood flow to the tissues as a result of inflammatory mediators released by damaged skin.

Question 5

What is a superficial burn?

Answer 5

Minor tissue damage to outer epidermis
Intense and painful inflammatory response
Sunburn like

Treat sympotamtically

Question 6

What is a partial thickness burn?

Answer 6

When the entire epidermis into variable depths of the dermis is affected

Cover with clean, dry dressings

Question 7

What are full thickness burns?

Answer 7

The epidermis an dermis are affected and the burns are deeper and full thickness

Question 8

2 Characteristics of first degree superficial burns

Answer 8

1. Dry and red
2. No blisters

Question 9

2 characteristic of second degree partial thickness burns?

Answer 9

1. Mottled red
2. Blisters with weeping

Question 10

2 characteristics of third degree full thickness Burns?

Answer 10

1. Pearly white or charred, translucent and parchment like
2. Dry with thrombosed blood vessels

Question 11

Rule of 9s for an adult?

Answer 11

Head: 9%
Abdomen: 9%
Trunk: 9%
Arms: 4.5% each front and back (18% total)
Legs: 9% each front and back (36 % total)

Question 12

What are 6 burn assessment findings in regards to the airway you may find?

Answer 12

1. Facial and scalp burns
2. Sooty sputum
3. Singed nasal hair
4. Soot, redness, swelling
5. Hoarse voice, persistent cough
6. Wheezing or crackles

Question 13

5 Burn managements?

Answer 13

1. Limit burn progression- cool skin with clean water/ saline
2. Prevent hypothermia
3. Evaluate the burn depth and extent
4. Large bore IV access during transport
5. Pain management

Question 14

What are flash burns?

Answer 14

When the source is from an explosion rather than a sustained fire causing superficial or partial thickness to exposed skin

Question 15

3 Examples of inhalation injuries?

Answer 15

1. Carbon monoxide poisoning
2. Heat inhalation
3. Smoke inhalation

Question 16

What does carbon monoxide poisoning lead to? What are 3 Associated symptoms

Answer 16

Hypoxia due to hemoglobin binding

1. ALOC
2. Cherry red skin or cyanosis
3. Progressive cardiac hypoxia

Question 17

Parkland formula?

Answer 17

Fluid required in first 24 hours
4cc/kg X % of burn area X body weight