BURNS Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is a burn?
An injury to skin and underlying structures caused by heat or a chemical reactions leading to destruction of tissue
What could cause burns?
Thermal
Chemical
Electrical
Radiation
Why is the skin important?
Regulates body temp
Protects body integrity
Excretion
Synthesis of vit D
Immunity
What arethe main parts of the skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous layer
What are the 3 phases of healing?
Inflammatory
Fibroblastic
Remodeling
What happened during the inflammatory phase?
Change in vascular flow there’s dilation of blood vessels
Phagocytes destroy bacteria
New blood supply is established
Would prepares for healing
What happens during the fibroblastic phase?
Scar rebuilds
There’s 3 phases-restablish surface to cover to protect from infection
Wound contacts to pull on surrounding structures
Colleges forms
Why is movement needed for Gag formation?
Prevent immobile scar
Increase circulation and decrease oedema
Promote collagen formation
What happens during the remodeling phase?
Scar changes
And collagen fibres orientation is influenced by tension
What happens post burn?
Odema(because of of destroyed blood vessels and capillary permeability increases)
Fluid loss (loss of skin integrity and decrease blood volume
Disturbed body fluid and electrolyte balance
What are the complications post burn?
Swelling
Contractures
Ishemia
Scarring of skin,tendons or joints
Sepsis
What are the aims of treatment pre grafting?
Prevent and manage of resp complications and oedema
Maintain ROM in all joints and tone of muscles
Encourage good posture and early mobilization
Improve morale
Educate family
What are the aims post grafting?
Maintain circulation,joint mobility and muscle strength
Gain functional dependence
Skin care education
Mobilize affected but ungrateful areas
Breathing exercises
Use chest vibrator not percussions on chest wall
What are the considerations when creating an exercise program?
ROM
Muscle strength
Pts Temp
Level of tiredness
Endurance levels
Level of understanding
What does exercise do?
It helps prevents contractures,loss of muscle bulk and resp complications and decrease in strength
What do circulatory exercises prevent?
DVT (The Buerger exercises)
What should be included in patient and family education?
Reasons for treatment
Goals for each sessions
Involve family with scar tissue management (massage graft,no exposure to extreme temps)
Give frequent rest periods
What should be taken to mind when ambulating?
Mobilize out of bed ASAP
Caution with fainting
Progess until independently walking
