Burns

Question 1

where do most burns occur?

Answer 1

at home

Question 2

why does plasma seep out into the tissue with burns?

Answer 2

increased capillary permeability

Question 3

why does the pulse increase with burns?

Answer 3

anytime you’re in a deficit, your pulse will go up

Question 4

why does CO decrease with burns?

Answer 4

less volume to pump out

Question 5

why does UO decrease with burns?

Answer 5

kidneys are either trying to hold onto fluid or they aren’t being perfused adequately

Question 6

why is epi secreted with burns?

Answer 6

makes you vasoconstrict so it can shunt blood to the vital organs

Question 7

why are ADH and aldosterone secreted?

Answer 7

retain Na+ and water with aldosterone

retain water with ADH

makes BV go up!

Question 8

what’s the most common airway injury

Answer 8

carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 9

treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 9

O2

Question 10

one of the most important aspects of burn management is _____ _____

Answer 10

fluid replacement

Question 11

fluid replacement for burns is based on when?

Answer 11

the time of the injury not when they got to the hospital

Question 12

the formula for the amount of fluids needed in the first 24 hours for burn victims

Answer 12

consensus formula

Question 13

to calculate fluid replacement properly, you also need to know the client’s ____ and _____ affected

Answer 13

weight in kilograms

TBSA affected

Question 14

if the client is restless it suggests 3 problems:

Answer 14

pain
inadequate fluid replacement
hypoxia

Question 15

is weight or urine output a better determinant if the client’s fluid volume is adequate?

Answer 15

UO

Question 16

consensus formula =

Answer 16

(4ml of LR) X (body weight in kg) X (% of TBSA burned)

Question 17

blankets help with burns by keeping in the ____ and keeps out the _____

Answer 17

heat; germs

Question 18

sx of airway injury

Answer 18

singed nose hair
singed facial hair
soot
coughing up stuff with dark specks
blisters on the oral/pharyngeal mucosa

Question 19

albumin holds onto ____ in the ___ space

Answer 19

fluid

vascular

Question 20

albumin increases what 4 things

Answer 20

vascular volume
kidney perfusion
blood pressure
CO

Question 21

when you start giving a client albumin, you know that the vascular volume will _____

Answer 21

increase

Question 22

if a client is receiving fluids rapidly, what is a measurement you could take hourly to ensure you’re not overloading the client?

Answer 22

CVP

Question 23

immunizations for burns

Answer 23

tetanus toxoid

immune globulin

Question 24

what does circumferential burn mean?

Answer 24

goes all the way around

Question 25

if a client's vascular check in their arm is bad, what are the names of the procedures to relieve the pressure?

Answer 25

escharotomy | fasciotomy

Question 26

relieves the pressure and restores the circulation, cuts through the eschar

Answer 26

escharotomy

Question 27

relieves the pressure and restores the circulation, but the cut is much deeper into the issue; it cuts through the fascia of the muscle

Answer 27

fasciotomy

Question 28

how often do we measure UO with burn clients?

Answer 28

q hour

Question 29

what do you do if the urine is red or brown?

Answer 29

call dr

Question 30

what drug might be ordered to flush out the kidneys

Answer 30

mannitol

Question 31

where do we find most of our potassium?

Answer 31

inside the cell

Question 32

with a burn what happens to cells?

Answer 32

ruptured

Question 33

will the burn pt have hypo or hyperkalemia?

Answer 33

hyperkalemia

Question 34

why would the healthcare provider want the client to be NPO and have an NGT hooked to suction with burns?

Answer 34

they could develop a paralytic ileus

Question 35

if a client doesn't have bowel sounds, what will happen to abdominal girth?

Answer 35

increase

Question 36

what is some lab work you could check o ensure proper nutrition and a positive nitrogen balance?

Answer 36

prealbumin total protein albumin

Question 37

most sensitive indicator of nutrition

Answer 37

prealbumin

Question 38

superficial thickness burn is only damage to the _____

Answer 38

epidermis

Question 39

partial-thickness burns have damage where?

Answer 39

to entire epidermis and varying depths of the dermis

Question 40

full-thickness burns have damage where?

Answer 40

damage to entire dermis and some fat

Question 41

what to do if there are fingers burned?

Answer 41

wrap each finger individually | use splints

Question 42

with a perineal burn, the #1 complication is ______

Answer 42

infection

Question 43

what likes to grow in eschar?

Answer 43

bacteria

Question 44

what type of isolation for the burn client?

Answer 44

reverse

Question 45

enzymatic debridement agents (2)

Answer 45

sutilains or collagenase

Question 46

4 reasons to not use debridement agents?

Answer 46

don't use on face don't use if pregnant don't use over large nerves don't use if area is opened to a body cavity

Question 47

4 parts of the circulatory check

Answer 47

cap refill pulse skin temp skin color

Question 48

when giving mycin drugs worry aobut

Answer 48

BUN/CR

Question 49

with mycin drugs worry about which 2 toxicities

Answer 49

ototoxicity | nephrotoxicity

Question 50

when grafting the donor site is an open wound until when?

Answer 50

the bleeding stops

Question 51

after the bleeding stops the donor site can be ?

Answer 51

left open to air

Question 52

if the client is well nourished, the surgeon can reharvest from the same donor site every ___-___ days

Answer 52

12-14

Question 53

with a chemical burn first remove the client from the chemical and begin _____

Answer 53

flushing

Question 54

how long do you flush with chemical burns?

Answer 54

15-30 minutes

Question 55

what is the first thing you do for an electrical burn?

Answer 55

heart monitor for 24 hours

Question 56

what arrhythmia are electrical burn clients at risk for?

Answer 56

V. Fib

Question 57

with electrical burns, myoglobin and hemoglobin can build up and cause ____ damage

Answer 57

kidney

Question 58

why are amputations common with electrical burns?

Answer 58

circulatory system is destroyed

Question 59

other complications with electrical wounds

Answer 59

cataracts gait problems neuro deficits