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Business Analyst Flashcards

1
Q

What is BA

A

Business Analyst is an individual that serves as liaision between the business and the tech team.

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2
Q

What is business?

A

The business is the strategy team of the company.

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3
Q

What is tech team and what is it comprised of?

A

Mainly composed of development team and the quality assurance team. Responsible for creating the product.
Tech team comprises mainly of the PM, the BA, the Dev team, the QA team and sometimes the UX team.

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4
Q

Quality Assurance (QA)

A

Quality assurance team is charged with ensuring the product created is bug free.

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5
Q

What is BA’s primary role?

A

BA’s primary role is to understand the needs of a project and convey them efficiently and effectively to the tech team.

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6
Q

What quality BA should foster?

A

Critical thinking, eager learners, good communication, independent, team oriented, a growth mindset, go-getter attitude, keep the goal in the mind, kill what you eat mentally.

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7
Q

What are 4 responsibilities of BA?

A
  1. Gathering requirements
  2. Analyzing requirements
  3. Documenting requirements
  4. Communicating requirements
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8
Q

What are the sequence steps of a business project?

A

Inception
Preliminary Details
Initial Project Analysis
Detailed Required Gathering.

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9
Q

What does High-Level mean?

A

The overview, the big picture or general level.

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10
Q

What is walk-through session (Requirement Gathering Session)?

A

In this session, BA communicates with stakeholder through various modes of communication in order to gather the requirements for the projects.

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11
Q

What is an artifact?

A

Documents and diagrams a BA creates.

After walk-through session BA converts the notes/information/requirements into artifacts to communicate it to tech team.

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12
Q

What are bugs?

A

Any issues or defects with a project.

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13
Q

What is the feasibility analysis?

A

Essential meeting between BA and tech team.
BA walks tech team through requirements that were documented in order to ascertain that tech team understands the project accurately.
Tech team can ask questions regarding the project

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14
Q

What is unfeasible project?

A

If the project is not attainable.

BA will meet the stakeholder to address the problematic requirements told by tech team.

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15
Q

What is the Business Sign-off?

A

Once feasibility analysis is completed, BA receives commitment from tech team on project requirements, then BA will obtain business sign-off.

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16
Q

Who is involved in business sign-off? And what takes place in business sign-off?

A

BA, the stakeholder and the PM (Optional).

BA secures the client’s sigh-ff for the project to be delivered.

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17
Q

Who is involved in the Turn-over session? and what takes place in turn over session?

A

BA, tech team and the PM (optional).

Once the business has signed-off on the requirements, BA will conduct a turnover session with the tech team.

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18
Q

What is the Turn-over session?

A

In this session, BA presents the finalized requirements to the tech team. It can be single meeting or series of meeting depending on the complexity of the project requirements.

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19
Q

After turn-over session, what does BA do?

A

BA communicates with dev team and provide clarification, will have periodic calls, meetings may be of varying frequency.
BA also supports the QA team, while they are designing and conducting various tests.

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20
Q

What is UAT testing and launch?

A

After developing and testing the projects, BA demos project to stakeholders by conduction user acceptance test (UAT).
BA demos various features of the project.

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21
Q

What is the purpose of UAT?

A

The point of UAT is to ensure the stakeholders understands how the project works and how the access its various features.

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22
Q

What is SDLC?

A

It is the system development life cycle referred to as software development life cycle. It is a framework that defines various tasks that need to be completed at each phase.

Process used in software projects to manage the development and life cycle of the project.

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23
Q

What are the phases of SDLC?

A

Conception, Analysis, Design, Development, Testing, Launch.

CADDTL.

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24
Q

What is the use of the phases in SDLC?

A

These phases CADDTL are used to plan for, design, develop and test software projects.

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25
Q

What is the conception phase?

A

Conception phase of SDLC, also called as idea phase where business comes up with the idea of the project.

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26
Q

What is Analysis phase?

A

This is the phase where BA does most of the work. BA gathers requirements from stakeholders, analyze them, and document them to deliver to tech team.

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27
Q

What is design phase?

A

Happens concurrent to analysis phase. BA works with tech team to create a design for how the project will look.
BA is responsible for creating these designs but it may be created by UX team.

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28
Q

What is UX?

A

UX is user experience team who is tasked with creating various designs, mock-ups and concepts for the project.

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29
Q

What is front-end?

A

It is a term to describe how the project will look on the screen to a user.

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30
Q

What is back-end?

A

It is a term use to describe the behind the scenes processes taking place, such as how the data will flow, where the data will be kept, etc.

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31
Q

What is back-end?

A

It is a term use to describe the behind the scenes processes taking place, such as how the data will flow, where the data will be kept, etc.

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32
Q

What is the development phase?

A

In this phase, developers will start the developments work on the project and ensure it is created as per the requirements communicated by BA.

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33
Q

What is Testing phase?

A

In this phase, BA works with QA team, while they conduct various tests to ensure proper functionality of the project.

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34
Q

What is Launch phase?

A

After testing is completed and most defects have been corrected, the project is deployed.
BA now demos the project to stakeholder and demos the features.

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35
Q

What is Waterfall Methodology?

A

Waterfall methodology implements the phases of SDLC in a sequential manner. One phase has to be completed before the next phase can begin. Once a phase is completed, it is generally not revisited.

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36
Q

What is the project manager (PM)?

A

Leader of the tech-team. Oversees the project from high-level
PM ensures the budge and timeline of the project. Periodically monitors the project.

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37
Q

Who is an Architect?

A

This role exists within the tech team. Architect understands how various backend processes works. They have unique understanding of databases, processes, applications etc. and how they work cohesively.

38
Q

What is database administrator?

A

This role also exists within the tech team. Database administrator (DBA) monitors databases and ensure they are running optimally.

39
Q

What is database?

A

Database is a large collection of information (data) that is stored, and organized so it can be easily searched, managed and manipulated.

40
Q

What is database?

A

Database is a large collection of information (data) that is stored, and organized so it can be easily searched, managed and manipulated.

41
Q

What is scope document?

A

Short document that sets the criteria of the project.
It is a high-level artifact that captures the parameters of a given project.
It helps establish what requirements may be gathered for a project and presents scope creep.

42
Q

What is scope creep?

A

Scope creep is a term that used to define when requirements that added to the project are outside the original scope.
eg. it ensures to focus on the features that are important and not on those which are integral to the project.

43
Q

What are the sections of the scope document?

A

Overview, scope, out of scope, stakeholders, risks (optional).

44
Q

What is out of scope?

A

This sections covers what lies outside of the scope, essentially what types of features and functionalities are not covered within in the project.

45
Q

What is Business Requirement (BR)?

A

Backbone of the project, gathered from variety of sources. Requirements gotten from the business are referred to as business requirements. BR are high level requirements that captures the strategic goals , needs or objectives of the project.

46
Q

What is BRD?

A

BRD is business requirements document, that contains business requirements gathered in walkthrough sessions. It also contains the overview and the scope of the project.

47
Q

What sections does BRD comprises of?

A

Stakeholder, problem defined, current state, future state, available resources, constraints, business rules, assumptions, business requirements, non-functional requirements, conclusion, glossary.

48
Q

What is the stakeholder?

A

An individual who represents the business.

49
Q

What is problem defined?

A

It defines the problem that project aims to achieve. e.g. why is the project being implemented?

50
Q

What is current state?

A

It defines how the processes work currently. e.g. what is the current state of the system?

51
Q

What is future state?h

A

This sections describes how the process should work once the project is completed. e.g. how do we want the state of the system to be?

52
Q

What qualities should BRD consist?

A

BRD is the high-level requirement that captures the needs of the project. It should be cohesive, complete, non-conjugated, verifiable, and should be written in ‘shall’, ‘should’ and ‘will’ statements.

53
Q

What are functional requirements?

A

It specifies how a business requirement may be implemented. A single business requirement might have several functional requirements. They are also non-cojugated (can’t combine multiple requirements’.
FR are also written in shall, should and will.

54
Q

What is non-functional requirement?

A

These requirements don’t directly impacts the project but are needed for the project to be carried out.
e.g. a disclaimer is needed in the application.

55
Q

What is the key terminology of functional requirements?

A

Functional requirements are also called technical requirements. It may include text field, radio button, check box, drop down bar, multi-select, table, static vs. dynamic and so forth.

56
Q

What is Static vs. dynamic?

A

Also called editable and un-editable fields, these terms define whether a field can be edited by the user or not.

57
Q

What is Requirement Traceability Matrix (RTM)?

A

RTM provides the visibility into the relationship between business requirements, functional requirements and features.

58
Q

What is the purpose of RTM?

A

The purpose is to maintain transparency and visibility on the features worked on as well as clearly see what work yet remains to be done.

59
Q

What is use case diagram?

A

It depicts the interaction between two or more actors.

In use case, an actor can be a website, a user, etc.

60
Q

What are the important terminologies to be aware of when creating use case diagram?

A

Actors, pre-conditions, assumptions, post-conditions, primary flow, alternative flow, exception flow.

61
Q

What is the purpose of use case diagram?

A

It is used to depict the project at large (high level) or a specific scenario within a project (more detailed).
This is helpful to show a specific scenario and it is has to be chronological.

62
Q

What is screen mockups?

A

Screen mockup is a visual depiction of a web page. Unlike wireframe, it is not simply skeletal framework. e.g screenshot of the web page. It is more accurate depiction of how web page will look.

63
Q

What is wireframe?

A

Wireframe is the skeletal framework of a webpage may look like. It is like a blueprint of the building. It depicts how a general layout of a page may look.
Structure of the web page.

64
Q

when test scenarios are created ?

A

During development phase .

65
Q

What are BAs major responsibilities

A

• The BA creates various artifacts, these include:

Scope Document is a high level document that sets the parameters of the project

  • BRD Document that defines the business requirements, as well as other appropriate information for the project
  • FRD Document defines the functionality of a system or features of a project and defines the technical aspects of business requirements
  • A Use Case Diagram is a graphical depiction of the interaction of two or more actors in a given scenario
  • A Use Case Document documents the steps needed to be taken to navigate through a given scenario
  • A wireframe is a skeletal framework that designs the layout of a web page
  • A screen mockup is a design for how a web page will look once developed

UML Diagrams are used to depict various businesses and software processes

• The SDLC is a framework that provides a model for the development and life cycle management of a software project through a series of phases including conception, analysis, design, development, testing and launch

66
Q

Waterfall methodology

A
  • Waterfall methodology is a traditional approach to software project management, the waterfall methodology implements the SDLC a sequential manner
  • The Waterfall Methodology stresses thorough documentation, since all the planning for the project must be done upfront in the Analysis Phase
  • There is little communication with the business once project development begins
  • Due to its sequential nature, the waterfall methodology does not generally allow for change within the requirements once they are
67
Q

what is CHANGE REQUEST ?

A

A change request is a procedure used when a change must be made to the project requirements

If there is a dire need to change the requirements after they’ve been finalized, a change request procedure must be implemented

In order to implement a change request, the PM must be notified and involved when determining which aspects of the project need to be amended

This is due to the change possibly impacting the timeframe and budget of the project

Once a stakeholder confirms that the requirements need to be modified, a BA conducts the same procedures that he/she conducted during the Analysis Phase

A BA must therefore conduct walkthrough sessions to gather the requirements, analyze and document them, and conduct a feasibility analysis with the tech team to determine how long the changes will take to implement

A change request is a procedure used when a change must be made to the project requirements

While the BA is gathering the requirements for the CR (Change Request), the tech team is still working on the original requirements

Once the BA has conducted a feasibility analysis and determined the impact of the CR on the timeline, the results are presented to the business

Either the business will give the go ahead for the CR (sign-off)

Or the business will determine the change need not be implemented

• Only once the business has signed off on the CR will the tech team begin implementing the requirements in the CR

68
Q

What tech team do in the situation of Change request ?

A

tech team continue working on the project, unless stakeholder signs the new Change request document. Teck team is committed to deliver the orignal project becase that is what they sign up for.

69
Q

What is BUSINESS PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM ?

A

Business process flow diagram is helpful for visually representing various phases in a process, it is a high level diagram that show sequential process.

70
Q

What is UML ?

Unified modeling language.

A

Unified modeling language is a visual modeling language used to describe, specify, design or document business and software process. Its use is Modeling business. Another uses is analysis, design and implementation of software based systems

71
Q

what is business process diagram shows

A

business flow shows the process and the sub processes

72
Q

who is creating User Stories ?

A

Mainly PO, but also BA or someone in the tech team also can edit.

73
Q

AGILE DOCUMENTATION-ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA (AC)

Acceptance criteria define and aff detail to functional requirements for a given user story .

A

AC is a part of USER STORY
AC define the end state of the feature. The AC determines how a feature should ideally behave and what outcome/output should arise from a user story

AC example , if the user put wrong password, user shouldnt be able to login .

74
Q

watch jira tutorial

VERY IMPORTANT

A
75
Q

What is Agile ?

A

Agile is an approach which follows sdlc and iterative approach .

76
Q

Who is involved in scrum team ?

A

scrum team consists on

  1. PRODUCT OWNER
  2. Scrum master
  3. Dev team
  4. Q/A
77
Q

What is Product owner (PO)?

A

PO defines features of the product, prioritize features and accept or reject the final outcome.

78
Q

What is User Story and an EPIC ?

A

User story means a FEATURE in a software,

Epic means, collection of USER STORIES . its high level deliverable .

79
Q

What is Product backlog?

A

product backlog contains list of user stories, prepared by PO .

80
Q

What is Sprint/Iteration?

A

Period of time to complete the user story, decided by the PO and the team. Usually 2 to 4 weeks long

81
Q

What is Sprint planning meeting?

A

Its conduct with the team to determine what can be delivered in the sprint and duration of it.

82
Q

What happens in standup meeting/scrum meeting ?

A

Conduct by scrum master everyday for 15 mins. In this meeting we discuss,
What we did yesterday ?
What we will do today ?
If there is any blocker ?

83
Q

What is Sprint Retro/Retrospective meeting ?

A

This meeting takes place after completion of sprint, tech team and BA discuss what we did right or wrong, also how can we improve.

84
Q

What is burndown chart ?

A

It shows how much work is remaining in the sprint, it shows the status of the sprint

85
Q

Defination of Ready? DOR

DefinAtion of done? DOD

A

Dor means features are feasible,
Testable and are ready for coding

Dod means coding is done , product is ready.

86
Q

What is a flow chart ?

A

flow charts are used to show the complete flow of the systems through symbols and diagrams

87
Q

what are scrum master responsibilities?

A

Keeps team together and accountable

Leads various scrum ceremonies

Maintains scrum boards and ensures work is being done

Assist PO in priortization

88
Q

Scrum ceremonies

A

Scrum planning meeting
Daily scrum meeting
scrum review meeting (demo)
Sprint retrospective meeting

89
Q

JAD ( joint application document)

A

JAD session are walkthrough sessions for requirements gathering , people involved in these sessions are the BA , stakeholder and the developer.

no business sign-off
no feasibility analysis in these sessions

90
Q

What is the name of the deliverable released at the end of each sprint?

A

Potential shipable product increment.

BA (1 decks)

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