Buzz Words Infectious Disease Signs

Question 1

Red grains (actinomycetoma)

Answer 1

Actinomadura pelletieri

Question 2

Yellow to brown grains (actinomycetoma)

Answer 2

Streptomyces somaliensis

Question 3

Pink or cream grains (actinomycetoma)

Answer 3

Actinomadura madurae

Question 4

White grains (actinomycetoma)

Answer 4

Nocardia brasiliensis and asteroides)

Question 5

Pectinate hyphae (broken comb)

Answer 5

Microsporum audouinii

Question 6

Bamboo-like hyphae

Answer 6

Microsporum ferrugineum)

Question 7

“Pig snout” conidia

Answer 7

Microsporum nanum

Question 8

Bullous tinea pedis

Answer 8

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Question 9

Spiral hyphae

Answer 9

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Question 10

Teardrop-shaped microconidia (“birds on a wire”)

Answer 10

Trichophyton rubrum

Question 11

Septate hyphae with reflexive branching

Answer 11

Trichophyton soudanense

Question 12

Teardrop, balloon and matchstick forms of conidia

Answer 12

Trichophyton tonsurans

Question 13

Septate hyphae with favic chandeliers

Answer 13

Trichophyton tonsurans

Question 14

Partial thiamine and inositiol requirement

Answer 14

Trichophyton verrucosum

Question 15

Khaki-colored colony with club-shaped macroconidia

Answer 15

Epidermophyton floccosum

Question 16

Round cells attached to one another (“chain of coins,” “brass knuckles”)

Answer 16

Lobomycosis (Lacazia loboi)

Question 17

Globe-shaped sclerotic cells (“Medlar bodies”, “copper pennies”)

Answer 17

Chromoblastomycosis (dematiaceous fungi)

Question 18

Photochromogens (mycobacteria)

Answer 18

M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. simium

Question 19

Broad-based budding with double contoured thick wall

Answer 19

Blastomycosis (Blastomyces dematitidis)

Question 20

Large round organisms with multiple narrow-based buds radiating outward (mariner’s wheel)

Answer 20

Paracoccidioidomysosis (Paracoccidioides brasiliensis)

Question 21

Dichotomous branching at 45-60deg angle

Answer 21

Aspergillus

Question 22

Large ribbon-like hyphae with 90deg branching

Answer 22

Mucor

Question 23

Giant sporangia

Answer 23

Rhinosporidiosis (Rhinosporidium seeberi)

Question 24

Morula formation resembling soccer ball

Answer 24

Protothecosis (Prototheca)

Question 25

Winterbottom's sign

Answer 25

Posterior cervical LAD in African trypanosomiasis

Question 26

Romana's sign

Answer 26

Eyelid edema and conjunctivitis in American trypanosomiasis (Changas disease)

Question 27

Mazzotti reaction

Answer 27

Severe reaction in onchocerciasis associated with diethyl-carbamazine (when microfilariae killed)