buzzwords

Question 1

cannon balls

Answer 1

renal mets on CXR

Question 2

loin to groin pain

Answer 2

renal colic

Question 3

sea anemone

Answer 3

transitional cell carcinoma on cystoscopy

Question 4

UTI + travel to india

Answer 4

carbapenemase - producing klebsiella (resistent to all antibiotics)

Question 5

beading of renal artery

Answer 5

fibromucsular dysplasia

Question 6

RBS casts in urine

Answer 6

proves haematuria is glomerular

Question 7

muddy brown casts of epithelial cells

Answer 7

acute tubular necrosis

Question 8

potato appearance

Answer 8

testicular seminoma

Question 9

subarachnoid haemorrhage

Answer 9

ADPKD (as a result of ruptures berry aneurysm_

Question 10

when is pre renal failure common in hospital patients

Answer 10

poor oral intake and N+ V

Question 11

what in urine suggests infection

Answer 11

NITRITES not nitrates

Question 12

how to investigate recurrent UTI

Answer 12

excretion urography

Question 13

how to treat symptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy

Answer 13

amoxicillin

Question 14

which 2 things are common in nephrotic syndrome

Answer 14

hypercholesteraemia and venous thrombosis

Question 15

acute renal failure vs chronic renal failrue

Answer 15

acute - oliguria

chronic - polyuria

Question 16

what should always be requested in AKI and why

Answer 16

USS - check for obstruction + nephromegaly

Question 17

does early prostatic cancer have symptoms

Answer 17

not usually

Question 18

fluid requirement per day

Answer 18

30ml/kg/day e.g. 70kg man need 2.1L/day

Question 19

urine output per day

Answer 19

0.5ml / kg / day i.e. 80kg man should urniate 40ml / day

Question 20

electrolytes per day

Answer 20

1mmol/kg/day

Question 21

alport disease 2 problems

Answer 21

deaf and kidney problems

Question 22

can of worms prostate feeling

Answer 22

varicocele

Question 23

scrotal swelling that you can’t get above

Answer 23

inguinal hernia

Question 24

scrotal swelling you can get above

Answer 24

hydrocele

Question 25

teratoma age and treatment

Answer 25

<30 | chemo

Question 26

renal stones vs peritonitis

Answer 26

cannot lie still vs patient lying very still

Question 27

storage symptoms

Answer 27

increased frequency ,urgency nocturne painful stream

Question 28

voiding symptoms

Answer 28

poor stream incomplete voiding terminal crippling hesitancy

Question 29

male flow rate

Answer 29

20-25mls / s

Question 30

female flow rate

Answer 30

25-30ml / s

Question 31

>ml/s flow rate =

Answer 31

obstruction unliklet

Question 32

<10ml/s flow rate =

Answer 32

obstruction

Question 33

how long does an arteriovenous fistula need to mature before it can be used for haemodyalisis

Answer 33

6 weeks

Question 34

when can a peritoneal Cather be used

Answer 34

after 1-2 weeks

Question 35

auto rejection therapy x2

Answer 35

``` calcinerai inhibitors (cyclosporin) azathioprine + mycophenolate ```

Question 36

normo-albuminuria

Answer 36

< 30 mg / day

Question 37

microalbumuria =

Answer 37

30-300mg / day

Question 38

macroalbumuria

Answer 38

>300mg / day

Question 39

investigations for people with haematuria

Answer 39

> 50 - CT | < 50 - USS of kidney, cystoscopy then CT

Question 40

solid masses > 3 are often

Answer 40

malignant

Question 41

what does Anderson fabrys disease cause

Answer 41

renal liver lung problems

Question 42

who mode of inheritance in Anderson fabrys

Answer 42

X linked

Question 43

which deficiency is in AF disease

Answer 43

inborn error of glycosphingolipid metabolism | deficieny of a-galactosidase A

Question 44

derm feature of AF disease

Answer 44

angiokeratoma | tiny painless dark red papule that occur on thighs, belly button and lower abdomen and bum

Question 45

inheritance of medullary cystic kidney

Answer 45

autosomal dominant

Question 46

age of medullary cystic kidney

Answer 46

28

Question 47

what test for circulating levels of anti-streptolysin O

Answer 47

ASOT

Question 48

in older men, what is ac common cause of acute renal fialure

Answer 48

acute on chronic urinary retention

Question 49

indications for emergency dialysis

Answer 49

persistent hyperkalaemia fluid overload acidosis pericarditis

Question 50

if you suspect UTI - do this

Answer 50

urethral swab culture

Question 51

what is pneumaturia and what is it a symptom of

Answer 51

passing bubbles in urine fistula between the bladder and colon or rectum or gas forming organisms in urinary infections

Question 52

how to investigate pneumatria

Answer 52

barium enema - looking for the extra-luminal barium and identification of the underlying cause

Question 53

infective complications of CAPD

Answer 53

- coagulase negative staph | - exacerbation of pre-existing hyperlipidaemia

Question 54

presentation of epididymo-orchitis

Answer 54

testicular pain that started initially with a dull ache and has gradually become worse to the extent that the patient finds it difficult to walk

Question 55

when is epididymis-orchitis common

Answer 55

> 40

Question 56

how to rule out abscess in epidydmis - orchitis

Answer 56

antibiotic cover | US

Question 57

is glomerulonephrosis is suspected, do

Answer 57

renal biopsy

Question 58

what can gentamicin treatment cause

Answer 58

proteinuria

Question 59

what can cause nephropahty

Answer 59

``` chronic exposure to lead e.g. painters contrast imaging (e.g. angiography) ```

Question 60

bunch of grapes appearnce

Answer 60

medullary sponge kidney

Question 61

inheritance of medullary sponge kidney

Answer 61

sporadic

Question 62

what happens in medullary sponge kidney

Answer 62

dilation of collecting ducts rare medullary appear like a sponge in severe cases cysts have calculi

Question 63

diagnosis of medullary sponge kidney

Answer 63

excretion urography to demarcate calculi

Question 64

what is the whole urinary tract lined by

Answer 64

transitional epithelium

Question 65

when does reduced Na delivery to macular dense occur

Answer 65

when there is also a fall in renal perfusion pressure

Question 66

painless haematuria until proven otherwise

Answer 66

bladder cancer