Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Buzzwords: Neonatal > Flashcards

Buzzwords: Neonatal Flashcards

1
Q

Prune belly, absence of abdominal musculature

A

Renal abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Severely scaphoid belly plus respiratory disease

A

Diaphragmatic hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Prominent kidneys

A

hydronephrosis or cystic kidney disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Firm mass including bowel, liver, etc., protruding out of abdomen (typically central). Has covering sac.

A

Omphalocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Free intestinal loops protruding out of abdomen (typically right paraumbilical). No covering sac.

A

Gastroschisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Premature. Polyhydramnios. Abdominal distention and bilious vomiting in 1st hour of life. Dilated bowel loops.

A

Duodenal atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Small pustules on erythematous base. 3-5 d of life.

A

Erythema toxicum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Small, white papules concentrated on nose, cheeks, forehead, and chin.

A

Milia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Flushed macular appearance involving neck, face, scalp, and diaper area.

A

Milaria, aka heat rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Symmetric mottling pattern of the skin.

A

Mottling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Light red macules found on eyelids, nape of neck, and forehead.

A

Nevus simplex (stork bite if neck)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Capillary venous malformation. Well demarcated, deep red to purple flat macular lesion seen at birth. Enlarges with child’s growth.

A

Nevus flammeus (port wine stain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ipsilateral glaucoma and Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Nevus flammeus (aka port wine stain) with ophthalmic V1 distribution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bluish with clear borders on the abdomen or scalp. Absent for first few weeks of life, but then has rapid growth phase.

A

Infantile hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Small to large, blue-black macules concentrated on the back and buttocks. Mistaken for bruising.

A

Slate gray nevus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Skull bones floating → squished/overlap

A

Overriding sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Premature fusion of sutures (usually sagittal)

A

Craniosynostosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fluid accumulation under scalp (2ry to birth trauma). Can cross suture lines.

A

Caput succedaneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fluctuant collection of blood under the periosteum of the skull. Well demarcated. Does not cross suture lines.

A

Cephalohematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Accumulation of blood in the loose connective tissue of the subgaleal space (caused by vacuum/forceps delivery). Hypovolemia.

A

Subgaleal hematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Low set ears, posteriorly rotated ears

A

Down or Turner syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Absent red reflex

A

Congenital cataracts, glaucoma, retinoblastoma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Congenital disorder. Back of the nasal passage is obstructed (unilateral or bilateral).

A

Choanal atresia or stenosis

24
Q

Excessive drooling

A

Esophageal atresia

25
Q

Small pearly nodules along the hard palate.

A

Epstein pearls

26
Q

Cyanotic on room air. Grunting, intercostal retractions, tachypnea. Nasal flaring. Tachycardia.

A

Respiratory distress syndrome.

27
Q

Unilateral decreased breath sounds. Mediastinal shift.

A

Pneumothorax or a Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)

28
Q

Grunting, flaring nostrils. Retractions and tachypnea. Mild hypoxemia and acidemia.

A

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

29
Q

Meconium stained amniotic fluid. Respiratory distress symptoms.

A

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)

30
Q

Cyanosis, congestive heart failure, diminished peripheral pulses.

A

Congenital heart disease (CHD)

31
Q

Abnormal placement of the urethra where the meatus is proximal and ventral to normal/anterior location.

A

Hypospadias

32
Q

Dorsal displacement of the penial urethral opening.

A

Epispadias

33
Q

Failure of testes to descend after birth.

A

Cryptorchidism

34
Q

Inconsolable infant. Extra full scrotal sac. Does not transilluminate.

A

Inguinal hernia

35
Q

Extra full scrotal sac. Does transilluminate.

A

Hydrocele

36
Q

Respiratory distress, cyanosis, diffuse edema. Poor muscular tone of the abdomen. Abdominal distention. Urinary obstruction symptoms.

A

Posterior urethral valve (PUV)

37
Q

Neonate with vaginal bloody discharge and edematous labia.

A

Vaginal leukorrhea

38
Q

Fused vaginal introitus

A

Vaginal adhesions

39
Q

Neonate with apparent female genitalia with clitoromegaly, inguinal or labial mass, or posterior labial fusion.

A

Ambiguous genitalia.

40
Q

Micropenia with bilateral non palpable testes. Hypospadias with undescened testes. Isolated penoscrotal or perineoscrotal hypospadias.

A

Ambiguous genitalia

41
Q

Neonate with history of breech delivery. “Clunk” during hip exam. Gluteal fold asymmetry.

A

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)

42
Q

Adducts the fully flexed hip while applying posterior force to the femur → hip dislocation

A

Barlow maneuver

43
Q

Abducts the hip while applying anterior force to the femur → reduction of the hip

A

Ortolani maneuver

44
Q

Fixed, severe eversion of the plantar surface of the foot.

A

Talipes equinovarus aka “Clubfoot”

45
Q

Tufts of hair. Hemangiomas that cross midline. Deep sinus tracts in gluteal cleft.

A

Signs of spinal deformities: spina bifida or tethered spinal cord

46
Q

Adducted and internally rotated upper arm and extended forearm. Preserved hand and wrist movement. Hx of shoulder dystocia.

A

Erb’s palsy (C5-C6)

47
Q

Isolated claw hand (hand paralysis) and Horner’s syndrome. Hx of shoulder distocia.

A

Klumpke’s palsy (C8-T1)

48
Q

Miosis (pupillary constriction), ptosis (drooping eyelid), anhidrosis (no sweating in the face).

A

Horner’s syndrome

49
Q

Abnormal tuft of hair, birthmark, protruding spinal cord tissue. Sacral dimple.

A

Myelomeningocele

50
Q

Bulging fontanelle. Splayed sutures. Prominent scalp veins. Irritability, poor feeding, recurrent vomiting, high-pitched cry, seizures, and sunsetting eyes.

A

Hydrocephalus

51
Q

TORCH

A

Toxoplasmosis

Other - syphilis, varicella, mumps parvovirus B19, HIV

Rubella

Cytomegalovirus

Herpes simplex

*Causes of hydrocephalus

52
Q

Neonate with impaired visual tracking, hypotonia, and reduced spontaneous movement. Seizures, anemia, and change in consciousness. Rapid deterioration and sudden hypotension. Increased oxygen needs. Full feeling fontanelles.

A

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)

*may also be asymptomatic*

53
Q

Scleral icterus and splenomegaly.

A

Neonatal jaundice

*also jaundice of skin and oral mucosa*

54
Q

1-2d: Poor suck, stupor, hypotonia, seizures.

3-7d: hypertonia of extensor muscles, opisthotonos, retrocollis, fever.

>7d: hypertonia

A

kernicterus

55
Q

Hyper- or hypothermia. Apnea or tachypnea, grunting, cyanosis. Lethargy, irritability, hyper- or hypoglycemia. Vomiting and feeding intolerance. Abdominal distention.

A

Early onset sepsis

56
Q

APGAR

A

Appearance

Pulse

Grimace

Activity

Respiration

Pediatrics (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions