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1
Q

The visual pathway starts from the retina and ends in the cortical areas.
t or f

A

FALSE (Visual cortex)

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2
Q

The CN2 has four basic portions.
T or f

A

TRUE (intraocular, intraorbital, intracanalicular, intracranial)

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3
Q

The optic chiasma provides the crossing of nasal fibers to the optic tract of the ipsilateral side and for the passage of temporal fibers into the optic tract of the contralateral side.
t or f

A

False (magkabaliktad contra and ipsi)

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4
Q

In general, fibers from the optic tract terminate at LGB and PTN.

A

FALSE???? ru pertaining 2 youself????? (LGB lang ata)

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5
Q

The ventral portion of the optic radiation forwards into the parietal lobe and is known as Meyer’s loop.

A

FALSE (temporal)

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6
Q

Lesion on the Meyer’s loop causes an inferior homonymous quadrantic hemianopia.

A

TRUE

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7
Q

The striate cortex is also referred to as area 19 of Brodman.

A

FALSE (No.17)

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8
Q

The rods are responsible for vision in low-light conditions.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

The ganglion cells collect information from bipolar and amacrine cells of the retina sending it through their axons forming the optic nerve.

A

TRUE?????

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10
Q

Layers 1 and 2 of the LGN are called the parvocellular layers because they contain large cells.

A

FALSE (magnocellular)

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11
Q

Location of lesion for blind left eye
Left optic nerve
Left optic tract
Right optic nerve
Right optic tract

A

Right optic nerve

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12
Q
  1. Location of lesion for left congruous homonymous superior quadrantanopia.
    Left meyer’s loop
    Right meyer’s loop
    Anterior wilbrand’s knee
    Posterior wilbrand’s knee
A

Right meyer’s loop

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13
Q

Locations of lesion for right homonymous hemianopia.
Right optic tract & left optic radiation
Left optic tract & right optic radiation
Left optic tract & left optic radiation
Optic tract & optic radiation

A

Left optic tract & left optic radiation????

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14
Q

Location of lesion for contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing
Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe

A

Parietal lobe

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15
Q

Location of lesion for anterior junctional scotoma
Optic chiasma
Optic nerve
Optic tract
Optic nerve junction

A

Optic chiasma

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16
Q

Location of lesion for bitemporal hemianopsia
Optic chiasma
Optic nerve
Optic tract
Optic nerve junction

A

Optic chiasma

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17
Q

Defect covering central fixation.
Centrocecal scotoma
Paracentral scotoma
Central scotoma
Scotoma

A

Central scotoma

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18
Q

A central scotoma connected to the blind spot.
Centrocecal scotoma
Paracentral scotoma
Central scotoma
Scotoma

A

Centrocecal scotoma

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19
Q

A defect of some of the papillomacular fibers lying next to but not involving central fixation.
Centrocecal scotoma
Paracentral scotoma
Central scotoma
Scotoma

A

Paracentral scotoma

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20
Q

Simple and quick method to assessing VF-
a. angent Screen Perimetry
b. Kinetic VF
c. Amsler chart 7
d. Electroretinogram
e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry
ab. Goldman
ac. Static VF test
ad. Confrontation

A

ad Confrontation

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21
Q

Best suited for a qualitative approach in VF
a. angent Screen Perimetry
b. Kinetic VF
c. Amsler chart 7
d. Electroretinogram
e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry
ab. Goldman
ac. Static VF test
ad. Confrontation

A
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22
Q

Light blink at each location with different brightness
a. angent Screen Perimetry
b. Kinetic VF
c. Amsler chart 7
d. Electroretinogram
e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry
ab. Goldman
ac. Static VF test
ad. Confrontation

A

d. Electroretinogram

23
Q

a. angent Screen Perimetry
b. Kinetic VF
c. Amsler chart 7
d. Electroretinogram
e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry
ab. Goldman
ac. Static VF test
ad. Confrontation

24
Q

Most common Kinetic VF test
a. angent Screen Perimetry
b. Kinetic VF
c. Amsler chart 7
d. Electroretinogram
e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry
ab. Goldman
ac. Static VF test
ad. Confrontation

25
Uses optical illusion to check damage to vision a. angent Screen Perimetry b. Kinetic VF c. Amsler chart 7 d. Electroretinogram e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry ab. Goldman ac. Static VF test ad. Confrontation
e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry
26
Measures electrical responses of the light sensitive cells a. angent Screen Perimetry b. Kinetic VF c. Amsler chart 7 d. Electroretinogram e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry ab. Goldman ac. Static VF test ad. Confrontation
d. Electroretinogram
27
Similar to chart 1 but contains additional square for macular assessment a. angent Screen Perimetry b. Kinetic VF c. Amsler chart 7 d. Electroretinogram e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry ab. Goldman ac. Static VF test ad. Confrontation
c. Amsler chart 7
28
Bjerrum VF a. angent Screen Perimetry b. Kinetic VF c. Amsler chart 7 d. Electroretinogram e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry ab. Goldman ac. Static VF test ad. Confrontation
ac. Static VF test
29
More comprehensive than Amsler grid but less accurate than automated perimetry a. angent Screen Perimetry b. Kinetic VF c. Amsler chart 7 d. Electroretinogram e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry ab. Goldman ac. Static VF test ad. Confrontation
e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry ??
30
Black felt material stitched with radial lines a. angent Screen Perimetry b. Kinetic VF c. Amsler chart 7 d. Electroretinogram e. Frequency Doubling Perimetry ab. Goldman ac. Static VF test ad. Confrontation
A. Tangent Screen Perimetry
31
31. What do you call the visual field defect of this patient? Right Homonymous Hemianopsia Left Homonymous Hemianopsia
Right Homonymous Hemianopsia
32
32. Where could the possible lesions be along the visual field defect? Right Optic Tract, Left optic radiation and Right visual cortex or left occipital lobe Left Optic Tract, Left optic radiation and Right visual cortex or left occipital lobe Right Optic Tract, Left optic radiation and Left visual cortex or left occipital lobe Left Optic Tract, Left optic radiation and Left visual cortex or left occipital lobe ??
Left Optic Tract, Left optic radiation and Left visual cortex or left occipital lobe ??
33
What do you call the test that can identify APD? Swinging Flashlight Test Pupillary Test RAPD Test
RAPD Test
34
34. What is the cause of this APD of OS? NAAION ION INO
NAAION ????
35
ANO TONG CASE NA TO SA PIC oculomotor nerve palsy trochlear nerve palsy abducens nerve palsy 1ST PIC
oculomotor nerve palsy??
36
What is the primary gaze observation? left hypotropia right hypertropia esophoria exophoria
right hypertropia (?)
37
With such a condition, where will the strabismus worsen? left gaze right gaze
right gaze (?)
38
What should the head tilt be to reduce the degree of strabismus? right head tilt left head tilt
left head tilt
39
If this patient is to look down, what would be most likely the findings? left eye has an overaction left eye has an underaction right eye has an underaction right eye has an overaction
40
The following are true about the trochlear nerve: The fourth cranial nerve controls the actions of one of the external eye muscles, the inferior oblique muscle It turns the eye outward and downward The only cranial nerve that starts at the back of the brain It passes through a loop of tissue near the nose known as the trochlea
he fourth cranial nerve controls the actions of one of the external eye muscles, the inferior oblique muscle The only cranial nerve that starts at the back of the brain It passes through a loop of tissue near the nose known as the trochlea
41
Diplopia is a common sign of fourth nerve palsy True False
False (symptoms dapat)
42
Tests to help tell fourth nerve palsy from other conditions may include: LAHAT blood test CT/MRI Ultrasound Spinal tap Nerve stimulation tests
lahat
43
A 33-year old patient represents to the emergency department with the left eye turned down and out with ptosis and mydriasis. He had a traffic accident two hours ago and sustained several injuries, including trauma to the head. Which of the following cranial nerves was most likely injured? CN3 CN4 CN6 oculomotor nerve
CN3 oculomotor nerve
44
f the palsy is non-pupil-sparing, prompt neuro-ophthalmic evaluation should be undertaken. True False
t
45
Trauma and tumors - intraorbital portion aneurysm and diabetes mellitus - basilar portion cerebral cortex - supranuclear lesion demyelination - nuclear lesions
46
hypo What is the initial impression of this patient upon gross observation of the eyes in primary position? Superior oblique palsy ocumolotor nerve palsy CNO palsy
Superior oblique palsy
47
The eye is fully abducted and depressed because of the unopposed activity of the medial rectus and superior oblique. True False
True???
48
ESO Broad H test was performed on this patient, upon levoversion, this was revealed. What is the impression on this patient> cranial nerve 6 problem cranial nerve 3 problem cranial nerve 4 problem
cranial nerve 6 problem
49
Such patient will suffer diplopia in when looking to the right. True False.
t
50
subarachnoid space - petrous apex - Ischemic stroke- internal carotid artery aneurysm - cavernous sinus nuclear and fascircular otitis media increased intracranial pressure
subarachnoid space - increased intracranial pressure petrous apex - otitis media Ischemic stroke- nuclear and fascircular internal carotid artery aneurysm - cavernous sinus
51
Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for an abducens nerve palsy. True False
t
52
Abducens nerve palsy results in an inability of the abducens nerve to transmit signals to the lateral rectus, resulting in an inability to adduct the eye and horizontal diplopia. True False
t
53
Dysfunction of the abducens nerve can occur at any point of its transit from the pons to the lateral rectus muscle, resulting in sixth nerve palsy. True False
t
54

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