C1/ Atlas

Question 1

what is the name of the first cervical vertebra

Answer 1

atlas

Question 2

what features are lacking at C1

Answer 2

vertebral body, pedicles, a spinous process and the intervertebral disc

Question 3

what is thought to represent the pedicle at C1

Answer 3

the anterior arch

Question 4

what osseous modification is observed to the front of the anterior arch of C1

Answer 4

anterior tubercle

Question 5

what muscle attaches to the anterior arch of C1

Answer 5

longus colli

Question 6

what ligaments will attach to the anterior arch of C1

Answer 6

anterior longitudinal, anterior atlanto-occipital and anterior atlanto-axial ligaments

Question 7

what is observed on the back of the anterior arch of C1

Answer 7

fovea dentis

Question 8

what joint classifications are observed on the anterior arch of C1

Answer 8

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis and diarthrosis trochoid

Question 9

what is the contribution of the lateral mass to the circumference of C1

Answer 9

forty percent; twenty percent for each lateral mass

Question 10

what is the morphology of the superior articular facet of C1

Answer 10

they are elliptical, closer together in front and often demonstrate an elevation subdividing the facet surface into two separate surfaces

Question 11

what is the orientation of the superior articular facet of C1

Answer 11

backward, upward, medial (BUM)

Question 12

what is the joint classification of the atlanto-occipital zygapophysis

Answer 12

diathrosis ellipsoidal

Question 13

what are the morphological characteristics of the inferior articular facet of C1

Answer 13

asymmetrical, slightly concave or flattened

Question 14

what is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C1

Answer 14

backward, medial, downward (BMD)

Question 15

what is the joint classification of the atlanto-axial zygapophysis

Answer 15

diarthrosis arthrodia

Question 16

what is the name of the rounded elevation on the medial aspect of the lateral mass of C1

Answer 16

tubercle for the transverse atlantal ligament

Question 17

what muscles attach to the lateral mass of C1

Answer 17

levator scapula, splenius cervicis and rectus capitis anterior

Question 18

what is the contribution of the posterior arch to the circumference of C1

Answer 18

about 40 percent

Question 19

what part of c1 represents the spinous process

Answer 19

posterior tubercle of the posterior arch

Question 20

what is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch to the skin in each gender

Answer 20

males- about 50 mm

females- about 37 mm

Question 21

what attaches to the posterior tubercle of teh posterior arch of c1

Answer 21

rectus capitis posterior minor muscles and ligamentum nuchae

Question 22

what superior surface modifications of the posterior arch of c1 are present

Answer 22

groove/ sulcus for the vertebral artery and arcuate rim

Question 23

what attaches to the arcuate rim of c1

Answer 23

the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament

Question 24

what may be formed by ossification of the anterior free margin of the posterior atlanto- occipital ligament

Answer 24

a partial ponticulus posticus or complete ponticulus posticus

Question 25

with regard to ossification of the posterior atlanto- occipital ligament, what is the gender bias, bone classification, amount of ossification and general percent in the population

Answer 25

male- accessory bone, complete ponticulus posticus, 15% | female- accessory bone, partial ponticulus posticus, 26%

Question 26

what is observed on the undersurface of the posterior arch of c1

Answer 26

"inferior vertebral notch" and an attachment site for the posterior atlanto-axial ligament

Question 27

what joint classification (s) may be observed on the posterior arch of C1

Answer 27

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis

Question 28

what is the location of the "zygapophysis" relative to the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial intervertebral foramina

Answer 28

it forms part of the anterior boundary of the intervertebral foramen in both cases

Question 29

what is the general appearance of the transverse process of c1

Answer 29

triangular

Question 30

what are the osseous parts of the transverse process of c1

Answer 30

costal element, posterior tubercle, true transverse process

Question 31

what osseous parts of the transverse process are absent at c1

Answer 31

anterior tubercle and costotransverse bar

Question 32

what muscles attach to the transverse process of c1

Answer 32

rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis, middle scalene, levator scapula, splenius cervicis, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior and intertransversarii muscles

Question 33

what is observed in the transverse foramen of c1

Answer 33

vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus, postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers

Question 34

what is the gender variation for distance from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of c1 to the skin

Answer 34

not a significant difference

Question 35

what is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of c1 to the skin for each gender

Answer 35

a little over 3o mm for both

Question 36

what joint classifications are observed at c1

Answer 36

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis, diarthrosis ellipsoidal, diarthrosis trochoid, diarthrosis arthrodia

Question 37

how many synovial joint surfaces are observed at c1

Answer 37

5

Question 38

what synovial joint surfaces are observed at c1

Answer 38

two superior articular facets, two inferior articular facets and the fovea dentis

Question 39

what is the gender variation for measurements of the transverse diameter of c1

Answer 39

males- 78 mm | females- 72 mm