C1 : Atomic Structure

Question 1

State the mass and charge of protons, neutrons and electrons. (6)

Answer 1

Mass. Charge
Proton 1. +1
Neutron. 1. 0
Electron. 0. -1

Question 2

What is the mass number?

Answer 2

The number of neutrons +protons

Question 3

What is the atomic number?

Answer 3

The number of protons

Question 4

What did Democritus suggest?

Answer 4

Matter cannot be cut into smaller pieces - ATOMOS (indivisible)

Question 5

What did John Dalton think atoms were?

Answer 5

He thought they were solid balls/ atoms combine to make compounds

Question 6

Who discovered electrons and how and the plum pudding model?And how?

Answer 6

Jj Thompson - he used Cathode Ray Tube and found electrons

Question 7

What was the plum pudding model?

Answer 7

The tiny negatively charged electrons are embedded in a cloud of positive charge

Question 8

What did Ernest Rutherford suggest and what lead to this discovery?

Answer 8

Suggested that protons must be concentrated in tiny spot in the centre - positive nucleus
This is bc of the Gold Foil Experiment -
+ charges went through but some came back

Question 9

What did Neils Bohr come up with to do with the energy of atoms?

Answer 9

Quantum theory- light given out when atoms were heated only had specific amounts of energy
Electrons orbit nucleus at different distances - shells

Question 10

What did James Chadwick discover?

Answer 10

The existence of neutrons( no charge)

Question 11

What are isotopes? (2)

Answer 11

atoms of the same element that contain different number of neutrons but the same no. protons

Question 12

Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties ?

Answer 12

They have the same no. Of electrons

Question 13

What are ions?

Answer 13

Atoms of the same element, with a different number of electrons

Question 14

What is a solvent?

Answer 14

Substance that solutes dissolve in

Question 15

Name the people in order who are involved in history of atom and the main thing they did. (6)

Answer 15

Democritus - matter can’t be cut - ATOMOS
John Dalton - atoms are solid balls/ combines to make compound
JJ thompson - electrons existence (using Cathode Ray Tube) and plum pudding model
Ernest Rutherford - positive nucleus - Gold foil experiment
Neils Bohr - specific energy fo atoms (Quantum theory)
Electrons orbit nucleus at different distances - shells
James Chadwick - existence of neutrons