C1: Intro to Personality Theory

Question 1

Pattern of relatively permanent TRAITS and unique CHARACTERISTICS giving behavior consistency and individuality

Answer 1

Personality

Question 2

Individual differences of behavior in consistency OVER TIME, and stability ACROSS SITUATIONS.

Answer 2

Trait

Question 3

Traits may be unique to a group, but it differs individually in its

Answer 3

Pattern

Question 4

Unique qualities like temperament, physique, and intelligence

Answer 4

Characteristics

Question 5

A set of RELATED ASSUMPTIONS that allows scientists to use logical DEDUCTIVE reasoning to formulate TESTABLE HYPOTHESES

Answer 5

Theory

Question 6

How the theorist’s psychological processes & personal characteristics affect their scientific theory and research development

Answer 6

Psychology of Science

Question 7

A useful theory:

Answer 7

Generates Research
Organizes and Explains data
Guides Actions
Parsimonious
Falsifiable 
Internally Consistent

Question 8

A theory’s ability to be confirmed or disconfirmed

Answer 8

Falsifiability

Question 9

Effect of falsifiability to a theory:

Answer 9

Discards or modifies ideas not empirically supported

Question 10

Effect of an organized and reasonable explanation on research data:

Answer 10

Classifying/organizing data makes coherent and meaningful data.
Meaningful data makes intelligible framework.
IF makes intelligible questions or hypotheses leading to research.

Question 11

How a useful theory guides a practitioner:

Answer 11

Helps discerning course of action for a case

Question 12

An internally consistent theory has

Answer 12

A defined scope limitation

Uses language in a consistent manner

Question 13

Observable and measurable events or behavior

Answer 13

operational definition

Question 14

Consistency of test results show

Answer 14

Reliability

Question 15

Measuring what it’s supposed to measure

Answer 15

Validity

Question 16

Two types of validity

Answer 16

Construct V

Predictive V

Question 17

Extent an instrument measures a hypothetical construct (e.g. extraversion)

Answer 17

Construct V

Question 18

Hypothetical constructs should relate to

Answer 18

observable behavior

Question 19

Three types of Construct V

Answer 19

Convergent CV
Divergent CV
Discriminant CV

Question 20

If an instrument score correlates highly with other instruments measuring the same construct

Answer 20

Convergent CV

Question 21

If an instrument score has low or insignificant correlation with other inventories that DO NOT measure the construct

Answer 21

Divergent CV

Question 22

If an inventory discriminates two groups known to be different (e.g. introversion and extraversion)

Answer 22

Discriminant CV

Question 23

The extent an instrument predicts future behavior

Answer 23

Predictive V

Question 24

The ultimate value of a measuring instrument is

Answer 24

the degree to which it can PREDICT FUTURE BEHAVIOR