C1 Part 1

Question 1

Name two metals that can be extracted by reduction with carbon

Answer 1

Any two metals that are less reactive than carbon e.g. iron and tin

Question 2

Give the word equation for the reduction of a metal oxide with carbon

Answer 2

Metal oxide + carbon → metal + carbon dioxide

Question 3

Give the symbol equation for the reduction of tin oxide with carbon

Answer 3

SnO₂ + C → Sn + CO₂

Question 4

What is the environmental impact of CO₂?

Answer 4

Greenhouse effect leading to climate change.

Question 5

Iron has a mass number of 56. Each iron atom contains 26 protons. How many neutrons does it have?

Answer 5

30

Question 6

Describe how limewater is used to test for carbon dioxide.

Answer 6

The gas is bubble through limewater. If the limewater goes cloudy then the gas is carbon dioxide.

Question 7

Give a word equation for the thermal decomposition of zinc carbonate.

Answer 7

Zinc carbonate → Zinc oxide + carbon dioxide

Question 8

Give a balanced symbol equation for the thermal decomposition of zinc carbonate.

Answer 8

ZnCO₃ → ZnO + CO₂

Question 9

Name the 3 chemicals shown in the lime cycle.

Answer 9

• Calcium carbonate
• Calcium Oxide
• Calcium Hydroxide

Question 10

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 10

A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon

Question 11

Draw the displayed formula for butane (C₄H₁₀)

Answer 11

Question 12

Name the first 4 alkanes

Answer 12

1. Methane
2. Ethane
3. Propane
4. Butane

Question 13

What is the name of the process used to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil?

Answer 13

Fractional Distillation

Question 14

Skecth an atom. Label the nucleus and the electrons.

Answer 14

Question 15

What are the symbols for:

a) Carbon
b) Calcium

C) Sodium

Answer 15

Carbon - C

Calcium - Ca

Sodium - Na

Question 16

Which elements properties are more similar to magnesium’s: calcium or iron?

Explain why.

Answer 16

Calcium - it is closer to magnesium in the periodic table

Question 17

Describe how you would work out the electronic structure of an atom given its atomic number.

Answer 17

The total number of electrons is equal to the atomic number.

Electrons fill shells closest to the nucleus first.

Each shell has maximum number of electrons that it can hold.

2 in the 1st, 8 in the 2nd, 8 in the 3rd, 18 in the 4th.

This matches the structure of the periodic table.

Question 18

Describe the process of ionic bonding.

Answer 18

Metal atoms lose electrons to become positive ions (cations)

Non-metals gain electrons to become negative ions (anions)

Cations and anions have opposite charges so are attracted to one another.

Question 19

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 19

The sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms.

A covalent bond is a pair of shared electrons.

Question 20

What are the products when limestone (calcium carbonate) reacts with sulphuric acid?

Answer 20

Calcium sulphate + water + carbon dioxide

Question 21

What is calcium hydroxide used for?

Answer 21

Neutralising acid soil or lakes.

Question 22

Name 3 building materials made from limestone.

Answer 22

Cement

Mortar

Concrete

Question 23

What is the definition of an ore?

Answer 23

A rock that contains enough metal to make it worthwhile extracting the metal from it.

Question 24

Give a reason why aluminium is expensive.

Answer 24

It is extracted by electrolysis which uses large amounts of expensive electricity.

Question 25

What is electrolysis?

Answer 25

The breaking down of a substance using electricity.

Question 26

What is the name of the process where plants are used to extract metals from the soil?

Answer 26

Phytomining

Question 27

Give 3 reasons why it is good to recycle metals.

Answer 27

It takes less energy (fossil fuels) that mining and extracting new metals. There is a finite amount of metal available in the Earth's crust - we are running out. It cuts down on waste going to landfill sites.

Question 28

Give 3 properties of metals.

Answer 28

Malleable (bent easily) Good conductors of heat Good conductors of electricity

Question 29

Give 3 examples of alloys and say what is in them.

Answer 29

Solder - Lead & Tin Brass - Copper & Zinc Bronze - Copper & Tin

Question 30

What is the general formula of an alkane?

Answer 30

C_nH_2n+2

Question 31

How are Nitrogen Oxides produced in a petrol engine?

Answer 31

Nitrogen and Oxygen react at a high temperature inside the petrol engine causing Nitrogen Oxides to form.

Question 32

Give a reason sulphur dioxide is produced in a petrol engine

Answer 32

The sulphur/ crude oil in the petrol reacts with oxygen.