C2 Metals And Non Metals

Question 1

What are most elements?

Answer 1

Metals

Question 2

What can metals form when they react?

Answer 2

Positive ions

Question 3

Where in the periodic table are they?

Answer 3

On the left hand side and towards the right and bottom of the periodic table.

Question 4

Where are non metals in the periodic table?

Answer 4

Far right of the periodic table.

Question 5

What is different about non metals (than metals) when they react?

Answer 5

Non metals don’t generally form positive ions when they react

Question 6

How do atoms react to form a full outer shell?

Answer 6

By losing, gaining or sharing electrons

Question 7

What effects mean that not much energy is needed to remove the electrons? (2)

Answer 7

Metals to the left of the table don’t have many electrons in their outer shell to remove

And

Metals towards the bottom of the table have outer electrons which are a long way from the nucleus, so feel a weaker attraction.

Question 8

Why is it more difficult for non metals to form positive ions?

Answer 8

Because they are to the right of the periodic table (where they have lots of electrons to remove to get a full outer shell)

Or because they are toward the top of the periodic table (where the outer electrons are close to the nucleus so feel a strong attraction)

Question 9

How are non metals most likely to get a full outer shell?

Answer 9

By sharing or gaining

Question 10

Why is it more feasible for metals to lose electrons in a reaction?

Answer 10

Because not much energy is needed to remove the electrons to form positive ions with a full outer shell.

Question 11

Which elements have metallic bonding?

Answer 11

All metals

Question 12

Which elements don’t have metallic bonding?

Answer 12

Non metals

Question 13

Properties of metals (7)

Answer 13

Generally shiny in appearance
Great at conducting heat and electricity
High density
High boiling and melting points
Generally solid at room temperature
Reactivity increases down the periodic table
Form compounds with ionic or metallic bonds

Question 14

Properties of non-metals

Answer 14

Tend to be dull looking
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Lower density
More likely to be gases or liquid at room temperature
Have lower melting and boiling points
Reactivity decrease down the periodic table
Form compounds with ionic and covalent bonds

Question 15

What elements are found in group 2 and 3?

Answer 15

Transition metals

Question 16

Where do you find transition metals in the periodic table?

Answer 16

In the centre

Question 17

What are transition metal elements?

Answer 17

Typical metals and they have the properties of metals

Question 18

What is different about the properties of transition metals?

Answer 18

They don’t show group properties, but they have special properties as well as typical metallic properties.

Question 19

What special properties do transition metals have? 5

Answer 19

Can form more than one ion

Have a relatively high melting point

Metal ions are often coloured and so compounds that contain them are colourful.

Transition metals and compounds often used in manufacture of consumer goods and as industrial catalysts

Much less reactive than group 1 metals

Question 20

What do industrial catalysts do?

Answer 20

Speed up the rate of a reaction

Question 21

Give an example of an how iron is used as an industrial catalyst?

Answer 21

Iron is used as a catalyst in the HABER process for making ammonia

Question 22

Give an example of transition metals/compounds that are coloured. 2

Answer 22

Potassium chromate (VI) - yellow
Hydrated copper (II) sulphate -blue

Question 23

What is the melting point of gold?

Answer 23

1064 degrees c

Question 24

Give examples of transition metals forming more than one ion. (Copper)

Answer 24

CU+

CU2+

Question 25

Give an example of metals that don’t react with water

Answer 25

Silver and gold

Question 26

State three properties of metals. (3marks)

Answer 26

Metals tend to be shiny
Good conductors of heat
Good at conducting electricity
High melting and boiling points
Tend to have high densities 
(1 mark for each, up to a maximum of 3)