Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry paper 1 > C4: Chemical Changes > Flashcards

C4: Chemical Changes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of the reactivity series?

A

Potassium (K)
Sodium (Na)
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Aluminium (Al)
Carbon (C)
Zinc (Zn)
Iron (Fe)
Tin (Sn)
Lead (Pb)
Hydrogen (H)
Copper (Cu)
Silver (Ag)
Gold (Au)
Platinum (Pt)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from a compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is smelting?

A

When displacement reactions are used to obtain metals from their ores by displacing with a more reactive, less valuable metal or carbon.
This happens in a blast furnace where the iron oxide is ‘reduced’ to produce iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does OIL RIG stand for?

A

Oxidation
Is
Loss (of electrons)

Reduction
Is
Gain (of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which pH numbers are acids?

A

pH<7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which pH numbers are alkalis?

A

pH>7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which pH is neutral?

A

pH = 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens when an acid and an alkali are reacted completely with each other?

A

A salt and water are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens when sulphuric acid reacts with an alkali?

A

A metal sulphate salt is formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens when nitric acid reacts with an alkali?

A

A metal nitrate salt is formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens when the salt is left in solution?

A

We have a mixture of dissociated ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do we obtain solid crystals of a dissolved salt?

A

By heating gently so the water evaporates, leaving only the salt behind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can we use to measure pH?

A

Universal indicator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much is a change in concentration of 1pH?

A

10x change in concentration of H+ or OH- ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What makes something acidic?

A

It’s H+ ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What makes something alkaline?

A

It’s OH- ions

17
Q

What happens to a strong acid in a solution?

A

It dissociates completely

18
Q

What happens to weak acids in a solution?

A

They only partially dissociate

19
Q

What are 3 examples of weak acids?

A

-Hydrochloric
-Sulphuric
-Nitric

20
Q

What are 3 examples of weak acids?

A

-Ethanoic
-Citric
-Carbonic

21
Q

What does the pH of an acid depend on?

A

The strength and concentration of the acid

22
Q

What are the steps to the titration practical?

A

-Use a burette to measure what volume of acid/alkali is needed to neutralise
-Measure e.g. 50cm^3 of alkali of known concentration using a glass pipette, put in a conical flask with methyl orange indicator
-Put acid in burette (up to 0cm^3 mark), open tap and let it drip into flask
-Once it goes pink, stop, swirl. If it stays pink, neutralisation has occurred
-(Rough titration can be done before to give more accurate value)
-Use moles to calculate unknown concentration

23
Q

What does electrolysis involve?

A

Passing an electrical current through a substance to cause oxidation and reduction at the two electrodes: the anode (+) and cathode (-)

24
Q

What state do ionic compounds need to be in for electrolysis to take place?

A

Molten or in a solution so the ions are free to move

25
Q

What can electrolysis be used for ?

A

To obtain pure metals from a metal compound

26
Q

Which electrode are the positive ions (cations) attracted to?

A

The negative cathode

27
Q

What happens to the cations at the electrode?

A

They are reduced (gain electrons)

28
Q

Which electrode are the negative ions (anions) attracted to?

A

The positive anode

29
Q

What happens to the anions at the electrode?

A

They are oxidised (lose electrons)

30
Q

Why is cryolite added to the aluminium oxide in certain cases?

A

To lower the melting point - cheaper

31
Q

When a graphite anode is used, why might it need to be replaced regularly?

A

The oxygen reacts with the carbon to produce CO2

32
Q

What is in an electrolysis solution?

A

Na+, H+, Cl-, OH-

33
Q

In a solution, which ion is attracted to the cathode?

A

The less reactive one

34
Q

In a solution, what is oxidised at the anode?

A

If a halide ion is present, then that halide ion will be oxidised
If there is no halide, then the oxygen will be oxidised

Chemistry paper 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions