C5

Question 1

What are ores ?

Answer 1

Ores are naturally occurring rocks that contain metals or metal compounds in sufficient amounts to make it worthwhile extracting them .

Question 2

In ores what is the main element that metals are chemically bonded to ?

Answer 2

Oxygen and often sulfur

Question 3

What is an example of oxygen reacting with a metal in an ore ?

Answer 3

Iron + oxygen - iron oxide

Question 4

To extract the metals from their oxides , what must happen ?

Answer 4

It must be reduced .

Question 5

What are two ways you can compare the metal reactivity of each element ?

Answer 5

You can react them with either water or acid .

Question 7

What is a dilute acid ?

Answer 7

Acid which contains greater concentrations of water in it

Question 8

What is the reactivity series in order ?

Answer 8

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Hydrogen
Copper

Question 9

What gas is given off when metals react with water or dilute acids ?

Answer 9

Hydrogen

Question 10

Is a displacement reaction another way to judge reactivity ? Explain why ?

Answer 10

Yes . This is because a more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from an aqueous solution of one of its salts .

Question 11

Given an example of a displacement reaction .

Answer 11

In this case magnesium is more reactive than copper . Therefore the copper ions will displaced from solution to form copper metal . In this reaction , the magnesium metal forms aqueous magnesium ions and dissolves into the solution .

Question 12

How does a displacement reaction work ?

Answer 12

Magnesium for example is placed into a solution like copper sulphate . Because magnesium is a more reactive element , it displaces copper from its solution

Question 13

What does the reactivity series also show ?

Answer 13

How easily the metals want to form positive ions

Question 14

Why are gases like carbon and hydrogen in the reactivity series ?

Answer 14

They are references to compare the metals against .

Question 15

Where are metals found ?

Answer 15

In the earths crust

Question 17

What does the term concentrating the ore mean ?

Answer 17

Getting rid of as much of the unwanted rocky material as possible .

Question 18

What is oxidisation ?

Answer 18

When oxygen is added to an element or a compound .

Question 19

What is reduction ?

Answer 19

Oxygen is removed from an element or compound .

Question 20

Which metals in the reactivity series will react with water ?

Answer 20

Metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series .

Question 21

When a metal reacts with water what are the products of the reaction ?

Answer 21

Metal hydroxide and hydrogen

Question 22

What are the products of a metal reacting with an acid ?

Answer 22

Metal salt and hydrogen

Question 23

Whether it is worth extracting a particular metal depends on three things . What are they ?

Answer 23

1. How easily it is to extract the metal from a metal ore
2. How much metal the ore contains
3. The changing demands for a particular metal

Question 24

As Gold and silver are so unreactive , what are they found as in the earth ?

Answer 24

They are found as metal elements themselves .

Question 25

Is carbon also used to extract some metals from their ores ?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

What is the process of carbon displacing another metal ?

Answer 26

You must heat the metal oxide with carbon . The carbon removes the oxygen from the metal oxide to form carbon dioxide .

Question 27

What is an example of a metal oxide reacting with carbon ?

Answer 27

Lead oxide + carbon ----heat---- lead + carbon dioxide

Question 28

What is chemical reduction ?

Answer 28

The removal of oxygen from its compound

Question 29

When can reactions between metals and acids occur ?

Answer 29

When the metal is more reactive then hydrogen in the acid .

Question 30

What is a salt ?

Answer 30

The general name for a compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid has wholly , or partially replaced metal ions .

Question 31

What are the names of three strong acids ?

Answer 31

Hydrochloric acid , sulfuric acid and nitric acid .

Question 32

What is a redox reaction ?

Answer 32

The reaction between a metal and an acid

Question 33

What is a base ?

Answer 33

Something that reacts with an acid to neutralise and produce a salt .

Question 34

Are bases soluble ?

Answer 34

No usually they are insoluble

Question 35

What do insoluble bases names end with ?

Answer 35

Oxide

Question 36

What is a soluble base and what name does it end with ?

Answer 36

Alkali metals and their name ends with hydroxide

Question 37

What is another example of a base ?

Answer 37

Carbonate

Question 38

What are the products formed when an acid reacts with a base ?

Answer 38

A salt and water are formed

Question 39

What is the general equation that describes a neutralisation reaction ?

Answer 39

Acid + base --- salt + water

Question 40

What is a salt made up of ?

Answer 40

Made up of positive and negative ions from an acid .

Question 41

What are the products formed when carbonate reacts with an acid ?

Answer 41

A salt , water and carbon dioxide gas.

Question 42

What do the sum of charges on the ions in the salt add up to ?

Answer 42

Zero

Question 43

When an acid reacts with an alkali is there a gas given off in the reaction ?

Answer 43

No

Question 44

What are three examples of a weak acid ?

Answer 44

Citric acid , sulfuric acid and ethanoic acid

Question 45

Is pure water acidic or alkaline ?

Answer 45

None of them , it is neutral

Question 46

What ion does an acid release when added to water ?

Answer 46

H + ions

Question 47

What produces OH - atoms when added to water ?

Answer 47

Alkali metals

Question 48

What is ph a measure of ?

Answer 48

It is a measure of concentration of H+ ions in a solution

Question 49

Is this statement true . Strong acids dissociate fully in water .

Answer 49

Yes

Question 50

In weak acids do they ionise completley in a solution ?

Answer 50

No they stay the same . They do not release H+ ions