C9 crude oils

Question 1

general formula for alkane molecules

Answer 1

CnH(2n+2)

Question 2

what are crude oils

Answer 2

It is a mixture of many different compounds of carbon-> usually hydrocarbons (only hydrogen and carbon molecules)

Question 3

How were crude oils formed

Answer 3

finite resource found in rocks. From the remains of tiny ancient sea animals and plants that were buried in mud, overtime layers of rock laid on top providing with the right conditions(high pressure/temperature in the absence of oxygen)

Question 4

what are alkanes

Answer 4

saturated hydrocarbons

Question 5

prefix of hydrocarbons and no. of carbon atoms

Answer 5

methane-1 c
ethane-2 c
propane 3 c
Butane 4c

Question 6

why are short chain hydrocarbons more demanded

Answer 6

very flammable
go0od fuels
ignite easily
less smoky flames

Question 7

which has a higher boiling point?
Long chain/short chain

Answer 7

long chain

Question 8

what is volatility and which has higher volatility
LC/SC

Answer 8

the tendency to turn to gas
short chain

Question 9

what is viscosity
and which has higher viscosity

Answer 9

how easily it flows
Long chain-it is THICKK=

Question 10

which has higher flammability
LC or SC

Answer 10

short chain
long chain burns less and burns with a smoky flame

Question 11

fractional distillation

Answer 11

crude oil separated into hydrocarbons of similar boiling points

Question 12

which fraction makes for better fuel

Answer 12

Lighter fractions as they ignite more easily and burn with a cleaner flame—>these are small chain hydrocarbons

Question 13

name some examples of hydrocarbons in order going down the fractional distillator

Answer 13

petroleum gas
gasoline/petrol
kerosene
disel oil/gas oil
residue(thick stiky long chain hydro carbons used for roads and roofs)

Question 14

what are the products of complete combustion of a hydrocarbon

Answer 14

carbon dioxide+oxygen

Question 15

test for water

Answer 15

blue cobalt chloride paper
white anhydrous copper sulphate turns blue in contact with water

Question 16

products of INCOMPLETE combustion

Answer 16

fuel+oxygen–» carbon monoxide+carbon+water

Question 17

Through what process are bigger hydrocarbons broken down into smaller hydrocarbons

Answer 17

cracking

Question 18

describe the process of cracking large hydrocarbons

Answer 18

heavy fraction distilled from crude oil is heated to vaporise the hydrocarbons

the vapour is then passed over a hot catalyst or mixed with steam and heated to a very high temperature

thermal decomposition takes place and the large molecules split apart to form smaller more useful ones