Flashcards in C9 Terms Deck (45)
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1
Caloric theory
Heat was an invisible liquid.
2
Internal energy
The speed of the particles in a system.
3
Stirling engine
It is a completely enclosed piston engine containing a working gas that is transferred back and forth between hot and cold heat exchangers.
4
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of a systems atoms and molecules.
5
Degree
A dimensional unit
6
Thermometer
An instrument used to measure temperature
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Thermometer property
A property of mater to change predictability with a given temperature
8
Fiducial points
A fixed, precisely known, and easily reproducible temperature value.
9
Fahrenheit scale
180 degrees between the freezing point of water and it's boiling point
10
Celsius scale
Has 100 degrees between the freezing and boiling point of water
11
Triple point
The temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a substance exist all at once
12
Kelvin scale
0 is where there is no energy in a substance and 273.15 is the freezing point of water
13
Thermal expansion
The distance between particles in a substance be come greater as temperature increases
14
Heat
The flow of thermal energy from one place to another
15
2nd law of thermal dynamics
The useful energy of a system tends to decrease and the entropy tends to increase
16
Entropy
A measure of a systems disorder
17
Conduction
Thermal energy moving from a warmer substance to a cooler substance
18
Thermal equilibrium
When the kinetic energy of two systems in the exact same
19
Convection
Thermal energy is carried from one location to anther by a fluid
20
Convection current
The fluids cycle path
21
Radiation
Electromagnetic energy moves in space
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Insulator
A material that resist the flow of thermal energy
23
Heat capacity
The thermal energy in joules that an object must gain or lose to cause a temperature of 1 degree C
24
Specific heat
The heat capacity per gram of material
25
Calorimeter
Measures the transfer of thermal energy between objects
26
Latent heat of fusion
The amount of thermal energy exchanged per gram of material during melting or freezing
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Latent heat of vaporization
The amount of thermal energy exchanged per gram of material during the vaporization or condensing period
28
What did scientists believe about caloric?
They believed it was a liquid.
29
Who first successfully challenged the caloric theory?
Benjamin Thompson.
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