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Pharmacology > CAM Exam 4 > Flashcards

CAM Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Integrative Health

A

A coordinated approach to using complementary and conventional medicine

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2
Q

Alternative Medicine

A

Used in PLACE OF conventional medicine

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3
Q

Complementary Medicine

A

Used together WITH conventional medicine

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4
Q

Conventional Medicine

A

Focuses on physical components of the ill patient
‘Emphasis is placed on diagnosis and cure based on physical symptoms
Medicine, surgery, etc.

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5
Q

Alternative

A

Takes a holistic “multi body” approach
Takes into consideration the complexity of each person
Embraces self-healing forced, spirituality, balance b/w internal or external forces

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6
Q

Why has the use of CAM increased?

A

Overall dissatisfaction with conventional health care
Desire for greater control over one’s health
Need to blend cultural and philosophical congruence with personal beliefs about health illness
Belief in the effectiveness of alternative therapies

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7
Q

Acupressure/ acupuncture

A

Pain
Migraine headaches
Anesthesia

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8
Q

Yoga

A

Life forces in correct balance and flow
Concentration, strength, flexibility, symbolic movements

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9
Q

Tai Chi

A

Promotes the flow of energy throughout the body
Reduces sx. Of fibromyalgia
Used in cardiac rehab programs, can lower BP

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10
Q

Reiki - Energy Balance

A

“Reikie is a Japanese technique for stress reduction and relaxation that also promotes healing.
Based on the idea that an unseen “life force energy” flows through us and is what causes us to be alive”

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11
Q

Reasons for Dietary Supplement Use Includes

  • perceived as “ safer and healthier”
  • sense of control
  • emotional comfort
  • cultural influence
  • limited access to healthcare
  • convenience.
  • AGGRESSIVE MARKETING
A
  • perceived as “ safer and healthier”
  • sense of control
  • emotional comfort
  • cultural influence
  • limited access to healthcare
  • convenience.
  • AGGRESSIVE MARKETING
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12
Q

Federal Regulation

A

FDA categorized herbals as food and nutritional supplements NOT as drugs

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13
Q

Dietary supplement health and education act (DSHEA) of 1994

A

Package labeling
Adverse effects
Impurities, adulterants, variability

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14
Q

Current good manufacturing practices (CGMP)

A

Require quality control procedures
Labeling to reflect active and inactive ingredients

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15
Q

Federal reporting requirements

A

Deaths
Hospitalizations
Life-threatening experiences
Persistent or significant disabilities
Birth defects

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16
Q

Private Quality Certification Programs

  • USP
  • ConsumerLab
  • NPA
  • NSF
A

US P = pharmacopeia

17
Q

Herbals: what an RN needs to know - Major drawback

A

May delay important diagnosis and treatment

18
Q

Herbals: what an RN needs to know - Nursing Intervention

A

Make certain MD or PCP is aware of patient’s use of herbals

19
Q

Herbals: what an RN needs to know - Nursing Action

A

What to assess & instruct patient regarding herbal therapy

20
Q

Herbals & the RN

  • ALWAYS ask about use of herbals when getting medication history
  • “What is their story - why the patient is using the plant medicine or alternative therapy?”
  • TEACH patients to look for products labeled ‘standardized’ - these more likely to have accurate amounts and a more purified form of the herb
  • Goal is to help patients be INFORMED CONSUMERS
A

ALWAYS ask about use of herbals when getting medication history
“What is their story - why the pt is using the plant medicine or alternative therapy”
Teach patients to look for products labeled ‘standardized’ - these more likely to have accurate amounts and a more purified form of the herb
Goal is to help patients be informed consumers

21
Q

Commonly used herbals

  • gingko biloba
  • garlic
  • ginger root
  • feverfew
  • echinacea
  • St. John’s Wort
  • valerian
  • kava
  • ephedra
  • cannabis*
  • CBD*
A

Gingko biloba
Garlic
Ginger root
Feverfew
Echinacea
St. John’s Wort
Valerian
Kava
Ephedra
Cannabis*
CBD*

22
Q

Ginko Biloba

A

Reduce memory problems, dementia, peripheral vascular disease
Antioxidant & vasodilatory properties
Can cause bleeding when used with anticoagulants
Avoid using before surgery

23
Q

Garlic

A

Lowers cholesterol, lowers BP, natural antibiotic
Natural Anti-platelet agent
Potentiates Anti diabetic drugs
Avoid ingesting before surgery
Can cause bleeding and blood sugar to drop

24
Q

Ginger Root

A

Used to treat nausea, joint pain
Can cause bleeding, irregular heart rate, decrease blood pressure, decrease blood sugar levels

25
Q

Feverfew

A

Used for Migraine prophylaxis
Can cause increased risk if bleeding and uterine contractions

26
Q

Echinacea

A

Builds immunity
Wound healing
Taken too long can cause a decrease in immune response
Can’t be given to those with an autoimmune disorder

27
Q

St. John’s Wort

A

May ease mild to moderate depression
Contraindicated for major depression
Using with other antidepressants could cause Serotonin Syndrome

28
Q

Valerian Root

A

Generally safe but ineffective
Slows down CNS, makes the pt very lethargic

29
Q

Kava

A

Relieves anxiety
Promotes sleep
Relaxes muscles
Too much can cause liver damage, so bad for the liver it’s outlawed in some countries

30
Q

Ephedra

A

Was used for a diet supplement and a performance supplement Caused someone to be alert and awake
Banned from sale in the US
So bad for ppl it caused heart attacks
Damaging to heart and CNS

31
Q

Mind body interventions include

  • yoga
  • meditation
  • spirituality
  • relaxation
  • guided imagery
A

Yoga
Meditation
Spirituality
Relaxation
Guided imagery

32
Q

Nurse’s role

A

Educate the public
Teach signals of fraudulent practice
Avoid ‘healers’ who:
- Promise immediate relief or success
- State that their way is the only sure therapy
- Refuse to work with other health care providers
- Claim to have all the answers
- Use testimonials that claim amazing results

33
Q

Nurses Role should

  • be non judgmental despite personal opinions
  • build rapport by showing pt respect: if not, can be afraid to tell about CAM
  • understand that CAM can be beneficial, when used correctly
  • be aware that CAM can be dangerous if it interacts or interferes with conventional treatment
  • be aware that use of CAM is popular and increasing and must be included in the history & physical
  • know that herbals, in particular, can have significant effect on prescription drugs, body function and disease processes
A

Be non-judge mental despite personal opinions
Build rapport by showing patient respect - if not, can be afraid to tell about CAM drawback
Understand that CAM can be beneficial, when used correctly
Be aware that CAM can be dangerous if it interacts or interferes with conventional treatment
Be aware that use of CA
Is popular and increasing and must be included in the history & physical
Know that HERBALS, in particular, can have significant effect on prescription drugs, body function and disease processes

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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