canada

Question 1

What event in 1763 seeded New France to Britain?

Answer 1

Peace of Paris

This marked the end of French territorial claims in Canada.

Question 2

What was the Constitution of 1791 designed to do?

Answer 2

Provide political representation and protect French people’s religious rights as Catholics.

Question 3

What were the two main regions of Canada during this period?

Answer 3

• Upper Canada
• Lower Canada

Question 4

What was the significant change in land tenure in Upper Canada?

Answer 4

Shift from land grants to land auction.

Question 5

Who ran the colony of Upper Canada?

Answer 5

Lieutenant governor and council, which were not accountable to a locally elected assembly.

Question 6

What was the Family Compact?

Answer 6

An elite group that formed the government in Upper Canada, heavily influenced by the Anglican Church.

Question 7

How did Colbourne impact the population of Upper Canada?

Answer 7

Increased the population by 70% through organized immigration.

Question 8

What infrastructure improvements did Colbourne implement?

Answer 8

• Building roads
• Building bridges

Question 9

What was a key problem caused by the political structure in Upper Canada?

Answer 9

Democratic deficit leading to rising tensions.

Question 10

True or False: The elected assembly in Upper Canada could pass laws.

Answer 10

False.

Question 11

What was the impact of the democratic deficit in Upper Canada?

Answer 11

It contributed to an inevitable revolt.

Question 12

Who was appointed after Colbourne as Lieutenant Governor?

Answer 12

Sir Francis Bond Head.

Question 13

What was a significant action taken by Bond Head?

Answer 13

Interfered in the 1836 election to support Family Compact members.

Question 14

What economic event in 1832 compounded issues in Upper Canada?

Answer 14

Collapse of the international financial system.

Question 15

What did the 1832 cholera outbreak and economic downturn lead to?

Answer 15

Increased unrest among the population.

Question 16

What was the 1774 Quebec Act known for?

Answer 16

Guaranteeing free practice of Catholicism.

Question 17

What was the Chateau Clique?

Answer 17

An elite group in Lower Canada similar to the Family Compact.

Question 18

What was the significance of the 1822 Canada Trade Act?

Answer 18

It imposed a tariff on US goods and restricted their use of Canadian waterways.

Question 19

What did the Patriotes aim to achieve?

Answer 19

Protect French citizens’ rights and aspirations.

Question 20

Who was Louis-Joseph Papineau?

Answer 20

Leader of the Patriote party in the 1820s and 1830s.

Question 21

What was the British government’s strategy towards the Patriotes in 1835?

Answer 21

To appease the reformists without giving them power.

Question 22

What did Russell’s resolutions allow the governor to do?

Answer 22

Use funds without consent of the legislative assembly.

Question 23

What was the reaction of the Patriotes to Russell’s resolutions?

Answer 23

Widespread unrest and large public protests.

Question 24

What happened to the rebels after the revolts?

Answer 24

• 12 were hung
• 150 were transported to Van Diemen’s Land.

Question 25

Who took over after Bond Head as Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada?

Answer 25

Major General George Arthur.

Question 26

What was Lord Durham's main task?

Answer 26

Resolve the issues in both Upper and Lower Canada.

Question 27

What were Lord Durham's recommendations for Canada?

Answer 27

* Unite Upper and Lower Canada * Encourage immigration from Britain * Adopt responsible government * Legislative assembly elected by the people

Question 28

What was the public reaction to Lord Durham's resignation?

Answer 28

Annoyance in Lower Canada, leading to protests.

Question 29

What was the reaction to Lord Durham's resignation in Lower Canada?

Answer 29

People were annoyed and burned an effigy of Lord Brougham in Montreal ## Footnote This reflects the discontent with the political situation at the time.

Question 30

How did Lord Durham feel about his resignation?

Answer 30

He felt betrayed and issued a public statement saying so ## Footnote This indicates his disillusionment with the political landscape.

Question 31

What did Lord Colbourne tell Durham regarding Canada after his resignation?

Answer 31

He told Durham that he had left Canada stronger than he’d found it ## Footnote This suggests a positive view of Durham's governance despite the challenges.

Question 32

When did Lord Durham resign?

Answer 32

October 1838 ## Footnote His report was published in February 1839.

Question 33

When did Lord Durham die?

Answer 33

1840 ## Footnote He died from tuberculosis.

Question 34

Who replaced Lord Durham as Governor General?

Answer 34

Lord Sydenham ## Footnote He arrived in the colony at the end of 1838.

Question 35

What legislation was introduced following the report in Canada?

Answer 35

Legislation to unite the two colonies ## Footnote This was introduced almost immediately by Melbourne's government and passed in 1839.

Question 36

How did Upper Canadians react to the union legislation?

Answer 36

They voted cheerfully for it ## Footnote This indicates a generally positive attitude towards the proposed union.

Question 37

What was the political situation in Lower Canada regarding opposition leaders?

Answer 37

All opposition leaders were either arrested or in exile ## Footnote This resulted in no tangible opposition to the union in Lower Canada.

Question 38

When was the Act of Union proclaimed in Montreal?

Answer 38

10th February 1841 ## Footnote This marked the formal establishment of the union between Upper and Lower Canada.

Question 39

What freedoms were quashed by the Act of Union?

Answer 39

The freedoms guaranteed by the Quebec Act 1774 ## Footnote This was a significant change in governance and rights for the citizens.

Question 40

What was the British government's response to Lord Durham's recommendations?

Answer 40

They rejected most of what he had done or recommended ## Footnote However, his recommendation to unite the two provinces was accepted.

Question 41

What was Lord Sydenham's first major act as Governor General?

Answer 41

To pass the Act of Union ## Footnote This was crucial for the formation of a united Canada.

Question 42

What financial implications did the Act of Union have regarding debts?

Answer 42

Debts incurred by Upper Canada were paid off by Lower Canada's fiscal surplus ## Footnote This illustrates the financial dynamics between the provinces.

Question 43

What happened to the French-speaking citizens following the Act of Union?

Answer 43

They became a minority ## Footnote This demographic shift had long-term implications for Canadian society.

Question 44

What did the calls for 'responsible government' result in after the Act of Union?

Answer 44

They were ignored ## Footnote This highlights ongoing issues of governance and representation.

Question 45

How did Lord Sydenham die?

Answer 45

He fell from his horse ## Footnote His death occurred a year after the Act of Union was passed.