canadian law and public health Flashcards
(36 cards)
Canadian health act. primary objective
to protect, promote and restore the physical and mental well-being of residents of Canada and to facilitate reasonable access to health services without financial or other barriers.
what is medicare
the term used for canada’s publicly funded health care. Instead of there being 1 national plan they are different per province and territory. The provincial and territorial governments are responsible for the management, organization and delivery of health care services for their residents.
In terms of Medicare what is the canadian government responsible for?
- setting and administering national standards for the health care system through the Canada Health Act
- providing funding support for provincial and territorial health care services
- supporting the delivery for health care services to specific groups
- providing other health-related functions
5 standards of the Canadian Health Act.
public administration comprehensiveness universality portability accessibility
Public administration of the Canadian health act.
The provincial and territorial plans must be administered and operated on a non profit basis by a public authority
comprehensiveness of the canadian health act
The provincial and territorial plans must insure all medically necessary services provided by:
hospitals
physicians
dentists, when the service must be performed in a hospital
Medically necessary services are not defined in the Canada Health Act. The provincial and territorial health care insurance plans consult with their respective physician colleges or groups. Together, they decide which services are medically necessary for health care insurance purposes.
If a service is considered medically necessary, the full cost must be covered by the public health care insurance plan.
universality of the Canadian health act
The provincial and territorial plans must cover all residents.
Portability of the Canadian health Act.
The provincial and territorial plans must cover all residents when they travel within Canada. Limited coverage is also required for travel outside the country.
When a resident moves to another province, they can continue to use their original health care insurance card for 3 months. This gives them enough time to register for the new plan and receive their new health insurance card.
Accessibility of the canadian health act.
The provincial and territorial plans must provide all residents reasonable access to medically necessary services. Access must be based on medical need and not the ability to pay.
status indian
Canadian first nation who is registered under the indian act
treaty indian
Canadian first nation who signed a treaty with the Crown
Non staus indian
not registered under the indian act.
which indian receive non-insured health benefits
Status Indians receive non-insured health benefits coverage which helps cover cost for expenses such as medications, medical transports, vision care, dental, and counseling as a condition of their status and treaty. Other Indigenous groups, such as non-status Indians and Métis currently do not have this health coverage, but may be eligible in future because of a recent court ruling
services not included by medicare
medical examinations requested by third parties cosmetic surgery Medical's requested for legal purposes dental care vision care limb prosthesis wheelchairs prescription medication podiatry chiropractics AMBULANCES
Daniels Decision
In early 2013, the Federal Court of Canada ruled in a decision known as the “Daniels Decision” that Métis and non-status Indian peoples be considered “Indians” under section 91(24) of the Canadian Constitution Act, 1867 (CBC News,
2013). Although the full implications of the Daniels Decision are not yet clear, this decision potentially doubles the number of people considered status Indians under the 1876 Indian Act. The federal government appealed the decision and is unlikely to implement it while the case is under appeal, a process that could take several years.
AAA screening
We recommend one-time screening with ultrasound for abdominal aortic aneurysm for men aged 65 to 80.
(Weak recommendation; moderate quality of evidence)
We recommend not screening men older than 80 years of age for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
(Weak recommendation; low quality of evidence)
We recommend not screening women for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
(Strong recommendation; very low quality of evidence)
Screening urinary bactereamia in pregnancy
We recommend screening pregnant women once during the first trimester with urine culture for asymptomatic bacteriuria
(weak recommendation; very low-quality evidence).
Breast cancer screening
For women aged 40 to 49 years, we recommend not screening with mammography; the decision to undergo screening is conditional on the relative value a woman places on possible benefits and harms from screening. (Conditional recommendation; low-certainty evidence)
Some women aged 40 to 49 years may wish to be screened based on their values and preferences; in this circumstance, care providers should engage in shared decision-making with women who express an interest in being screened.
For women aged 50 to 69 years, we recommend screening with mammography every two to three years; the decision to undergo screening is conditional on the relative value that a woman places on possible benefits and harms from screening. (Conditional recommendation; very low-certainty evidence)
Care providers should engage in shared decision-making with women aged 50 to 69 as those who place a higher value on avoiding harms as compared to a modest absolute reduction in breast cancer mortality may choose to not undergo screening.
For women aged 70 to 74 years, we recommend screening with mammography every two to three years; the decision to undergo screening is conditional on the relative value that a woman places on possible benefits and harms from screening. (Conditional recommendation; very low-certainty evidence)
Care providers should engage in shared decision-making with women aged 70 to 74 as those who place a higher value on avoiding harms as compared to a modest absolute reduction in breast cancer mortality may choose to not undergo screening.
Other modalities for breast screening
We recommend not using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tomosynthesis or ultrasound to screen for breast cancer in women not at increased risk. (Strong recommendation; no evidence)
We recommend not performing clinical breast examinations to screen for breast cancer. (Conditional recommendation; no evidence)
We recommend not advising women to practice breast self-examination to screen for breast cancer. (Conditional recommendation; low-certainty evidence)
Cervical cancer screening
For women aged < 20 we recommend not routinely screening for cervical cancer
(Strong recommendation; high quality evidence)
For women aged 20 to 24 we recommend not routinely screening for cervical cancer.
(Weak recommendation; moderate quality evidence)
For women aged 25 to 29 we recommend routine screening for cervical cancer every 3 years.
(Weak recommendation; moderate quality evidence)
For women aged 30 to 69 we recommend routine screening for cervical cancer every 3 years.
(Strong recommendation; high quality evidence)
For women aged ≥ 70 who have been adequately screened (i.e., 3 successive negative Pap tests in the last 10 years), we recommend that routine screening may cease. For women aged 70 or over who have not been adequately screened we recommend continued screening until 3 negative test results have been obtained.
(Weak recommendation; low quality evidence)
Cognitive impairment screening
We recommend not screening asymptomatic adults (≥65 years of age) for cognitive impairment
Strong recommendation, low quality evidence
Colorectal cancer screening
We recommend screening adults aged 60 to 74 for CRC with FOBT (either gFOBT or FIT) every two years OR flexible sigmoidoscopy every 10 years.
(Strong recommendation; moderate quality evidence)
We recommend screening adults aged 50 to 59 for CRC with FOBT (either gFOBT or FIT) every two years OR flexible sigmoidoscopy every 10 years.
(Weak recommendation; moderate quality evidence)
We recommend not screening adults aged 75 years and over for CRC.
(Weak recommendation; low quality evidence)
We recommend not using colonoscopy as a screening test for CRC.
(Weak recommendation; low quality evidence)
Depression screening
For adults at average risk of depression*, we recommend not routinely screening for depression.
(Weak recommendation; very-low-quality evidence)
For adults in subgroups of the population who may be at increased risk of depression†, we recommend not routinely screening for depression.
(Weak recommendation; very-low-quality evidence)
Developmental delay screening
We recommend against screening1 for developmental delay using standardized tools in children aged 1 to 4 years with no apparent signs of developmental delay and whose parents and clinicians have no concerns about development.
(Strong recommendation; low quality evidence)
