{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Brainscape", "url": "https://www.brainscape.com/", "logo": "https://www.brainscape.com/pks/images/cms/public-views/shared/Brainscape-logo-c4e172b280b4616f7fda.svg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/Brainscape", "https://x.com/brainscape", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/brainscape", "https://www.instagram.com/brainscape/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@brainscapeu", "https://www.pinterest.com/brainscape/", "https://www.youtube.com/@BrainscapeNY" ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "(929) 334-4005", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "founder": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Andrew Cohen" }, "description": "Brainscape’s spaced repetition system is proven to DOUBLE learning results! Find, make, and study flashcards online or in our mobile app. Serious learners only.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "159 W 25th St, Ste 517", "addressLocality": "New York", "addressRegion": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "addressCountry": "USA" } }

Cancer/Antifungals/Dermatology/Antivirals/Herbals Flashcards

(59 cards)

1
Q

Fluconazole

A

Diflucan

Renal Elimination
Good/Excellent CSF penetration
QT prolongation
CYP450 Inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Itraconazole

A

Sporanox

Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
QT prolongation
CYP450 Inhibitor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ketoconazole

A

Nizoral

Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
Impotence, decreased libido, gynecomastia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Voriconazole

A

Vfend

TOES
Hepatic Elimination
Good CSF penetration
Transient visual disturbances (30 minutes)
CYP450 Inhibitor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Posaconazole

A

Noxafil

Take with high fat meal
Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
QT Prolongation
CYP450 Inhibitor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Isavuconazonium

A

Cresemba

Excellent oral absorption
Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
QT Prolongation
Optic neuropathy
CYP450 Inhibitor/Inducer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Caspofungin

A

Cancidas

Echinocandin

Fungicidal - Candida
Fungistatic - Aspergillus

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
DON’T INHIBIT/INDUCE CYP450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Micafungin

A

Micamine

Echinocandin

Fungicidal - Candida
Fungistatic - Aspergillus

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
DON’T INHIBIT/INDUCE CYP450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anidulafungin

A

Eraxis

Echinocandin

Fungicidal - Candida
Fungistatic - Aspergillus

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
DON’T INHIBIT/INDUCE CYP450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Amphotercin

A

Fungicidal against most fungal pathogens

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
Extensive tissue distribution (long 1/2 life)

Nephrotoxicity - lipid assoc. formulations have less

  • Glomerular = decreased GFR/renal blood flow, azotemia
  • Tubular = hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flucytosine

A

DON’T USE AS MONOTHERAPY

synergy with ampho B and azoles against yeasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Terbinafine

A

Lamisil

inhibits squalene epoxidase leading to accumulation of the sterol squalene, which is toxic to fungal cell

Hepatotoxicity
Inhibits CYP450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Griseofulvin

A

Fungistatic

Administer with high fat foods

CYP450 Inducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nystatin

A

Topical use only

Use: local candida infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bacitracin

A

Antibacterial

used temporarily for decreasing colonization of staph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Polymyxin B Sulfate and Neomycin

A

Antibacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mupirocin and Retapumulin

A

Antibacterial

Mupirocin: impetigo caused by S. aureus or group A beta-hemolytic strep, intranasal preparation for decreasing MRSA colonization

Retapumulin: Group A beta-hemolytic strep - S. aureus including MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Retinoic acid

A

Tretinoin

TERATOGENIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Adapalene

A

Differin

Retinoid derivative

TERATOGENIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tazarotene

A

Tazorac

Retinoid derivative

TERATOGENIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Azelaic acid

A

Azelex

Retinoid derivative

TERATOGENIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Benzoyl peroxide

A

MOA: peeling and comedolytic effects

Can cause bleaching of hair and clothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Vinca Alkaloids

A

Vincristine
Vinblastine
Vinorelbine

Bind tubulin and disrupt microtubule assembly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Taxanes

A

Paclitaxel
Docetaxel
Cabazitaxel

Stabilization of microtubules

ADR - infusion reactions, peripheral neuropathy/edema, alopecia, myelosuppression

25
Epipodophyllotoxins
Etoposide Teniposide Inhibit Topoisomerase II
26
Camptothecins
Irinotecan Topotecan Inhibit Topoisomerase I
27
Folate antagonists
Methotrexate | Pemetrexed
28
Purine Analogues
``` Cladribine Mercaptopurine Fludarabine Pentostatin Thioguanine ```
29
Pyrimidine Analogues
Cytarabine Fluorouracil - adjusted for renal dysfunction (IV) Capecitabine - adjusted for renal dysfunction (Oral) Gemcitabine Decitabine Azacitidine
30
Nitrogen Mustards
Cyclophosphamide - hemorrhagic cystitis, methylene blue= antidote Ifosfamide - hemorrhagic cystitis, methylene blue= antidote Melphalan Bendamustine
31
Nitrosureas
Carmustine | Lomustine
32
Triazenes
Dacarbazine | Temozolomide
33
Platinum Agents
Cisplatin Carboplatin Oxaliplatin
34
Anthracyclines
``` Doxorubicin Daunorubicin Epirubicin Idarubicin Mitoxantrone ```
35
Abiraterone (Zytiga)
Androgen Synthesis Inhibitor highly lipid soluble - TAKE WITH HIGH FAT MEAL mineralocorticoid storm - blockade pushes synthesis towards production of aldosterone
36
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) Endoxifen (tamoxifen active metabolite) is 1000x more potent so avoid concomitant use!
37
Aromatase Inhibitors
Anastrazole (Arimidex) Exemestane (Aromasin) Letrozole (Femara) ONLY USE IN POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
38
LHRH Agonists
Goserelin (Zoladex) Leuprolide (Lupron) Triptorelin (Trelstar) causes initial surge in testosterone/estradiol production leading to negative feedback based inhibition of the hypothalamus which could worsen symptoms associated with disease
39
Monoclonal Antibodies
Receptor complex blockade Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) Targeted delivery of cytotoxic molecules Targeted delivery of radiation
40
Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 20 Inhibitors
Rituximab (Rituxan) - oncology and non-oncology Ofatumumab (Azerra) - oncology only Obinutuzumab (Gazyva) - oncology only
41
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
target intracellular components name ends in -mib or -nib
42
Checkpoint Inhibitors
PD1 - 2nd checkpoint turns off activated T-cells at site of action PD2 - 1st checkpoint turns off T-cell activation in the lymph nodes
43
Osteltamivir (Tamiflu)
Treatment - 75mg BID x5 Prevention - 75mg QD x7-10 ADR - vomiting AVOID LIVE VACCINES X 2 WEEKS
44
Zanamivir (Relenza)
Treatment - 10mg BID x5 Prevention - 10mg QD x10 ADR - bronchospasm/neuropsychiatric - AVOID IN ASTHMA/COPD
45
Peramivir (Rapivab)
600mg IV over 15 minutes
46
Adamantanes (Amantadine and Ramantadine)
no longer recommended by CDC due to high resistance
47
Triumeq
Dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine
48
Genvoya
Emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) /elvitegravir/cobicistat TWF
49
Stribild
Emtricitabine/tenofovir diproxil fumarate (TDF) /elvitegravir/cobicistat TWF
50
Complera
emtricitabine/TDF/rilpivirine TWF - 390 calories
51
Odefsey
emtricitabine/TAF/rilpivirine TWF - 390 calories
52
Truvada
emtricitabine/TDF
53
Descovy
emtricitabine/TAF
54
Atripla
emtricitabine/TDF/efavirenz
55
Tivicay
dolutegravir
56
Prezista
darunavir
57
Harvoni
ledipasvir-sofosbuvir
58
Epclusa
sofosbuvir-velpatasvir
59
Sovaldi
sofosbuvir