cancer syndromes + rational therapy

Question 1

CML mechanism

Answer 1

Bcr-Abl kinase forms due to the Philadelphia chromosomal translocation, causes expansion of granulocytes

Question 2

CML treatment

Answer 2

imatinib- inhibits Bcr-Abl kinase

Question 3

an oncogenic virus and mechanism

Answer 3

RSV- sarvoma- expresses mutant src, a protein which is a kinase involved in growth factor signalling

Question 4

KRAS

Answer 4

oncogene- GTPase implicated in a lot of growth/control signal pathways

Question 5

growth factor inhibition example

Answer 5

herceptin- binds HER2, blocks ligand signalling

Question 6

synthetic lethality

Answer 6

PARP inhibitors e.g. olaparib in BRCA mutants- PARP helps stabilise mutations, inhibiting it can lead to DSB accumulation and cell death when combined with BRCA mutation